Risk factors of lung cancer among women in Menoufia governorate, Egypt

Abstract

Objectives The objectives of this study were to assess the risk factors and distribution of lung cancer among women in Menoufia governorate. Background Lung cancer used to be thought of as a man's disease, but women now account for almost half of new cases and deaths from lung cancer. Patients and methods The study was a case–control study. Women were selected according to the following inclusion criteria: adult females above 18 years, histopathological proof lung cancer, controlled comorbidity. The recruited participants were 60 women from the clinical oncology hospital records from January 2011 to December 2015 in Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Menoufia Governorate. Sixty women were found meeting our inclusion criteria. A similar number of controls was recruited from the patients' female relatives. Both groups were subjected to a questionnaire and clinical examination for clinicoepidemiological study and determination of risk factors of cancer lung. Results The most common type of lung cancer among women was adenocarcinoma (56.7%). The risk factors for developing lung cancer in women were passive smoking smoking, performing oophorectomy before menopause and using coal for cooking or warming (P Conclusion The risk factors for developing lung cancer among women were passive smoking, smoking, oophorectomy before menopause, use of hormonal replacement therapy among smoking, and use of organic fuel (coal) for cooking or warming. Having breast cancer or having radiation therapy may influence the progress of lung cancer.