Abstract
BackgroundsPeptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common gastrointestinal tract disease characterized by mucosal damage secondary to pepsin and gastric acid secretion. This study evaluated the five-year recurrence rate for patients with PUD and risk factors contributing to PUD relapses.MethodsFrom 2016 through 2021, all patients with endoscopy-proved PUD were identified by reviewing medical records (Best-Care system). Possible risk factors including smoking, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin, alcohol, caffeine, and steroids were analyzed by multivariate analysis. Treatment outcomes, 5-year recurrence rate, and mortality rate were assessed.ResultsAmong 223 patients, there were 187 (83.8%) diagnosed with endoscopy-proved PUD and 36 (16.2%) diagnosed with clinical PUD. Among them, 126 (56.5%) patients were males, and the mean age was 62±2 years. The five years recurrence rate of PUD was 30.9%. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the duodenal ulcer (33.3%) and the gastric ulcer (28.8%). By univariate analysis, the use of steroids and NSAID and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection were potential risk factors for PUD (P < 0.005). The common complication of PUD was gastrointestinal bleeding (34.1%). Patients who had a complicated PUD were associated with a higher rate of recurrence (45.9%) compared to the uncomplicated PUD (19.2%) (P > 0.05).ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that the five years recurrence rate of PUD was 30.9%. The use of steroids and NSAID and H. pylori infection were risk factors for recurrence of PUD. PUD places a significant burden on health care systems. Therefore, a multicenter prospective study is needed for effective management to prevent recurrence and complications of PUD.
Highlights
Peptic ulcers are open sores involving the mucosa through the muscular layer of the stomach or the first portion of the duodenum
Our study aims to evaluate the five-year recurrence rate for patients with treated peptic ulcer disease and factors contributing to relapse, analyzing Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) complications and their impact along with previous treatment regimen and their effects to determine the efficacy of medications used to prevent a recurrence
Peptic ulcer disease places a significant burden on health care systems which advocate the need for effective management to prevent recurrence and complications
Summary
Peptic ulcers are open sores involving the mucosa through the muscular layer of the stomach or the first portion of the duodenum. Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common pathology in gastroenterology. Perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) is a severe complication of PUD, and people with PPU have severe abdomen with a high risk of long-term illness and fatality [2]. Proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole are widely recognized worldwide as the best pharmacological therapy for both gastric and duodenal ulcers of the stomach [3]
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