Abstract
BackgroundIdentification of risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats may aid in its earlier detection.Hypothesis/objectivesEvaluation of clinical and questionnaire data will identify risk factors for development of azotemic CKD in cats.AnimalsOne hundred and forty‐eight client‐owned geriatric (>9 years) cats.MethodsCats were recruited into the study and followed longitudinally for a variable time. Owners were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their pet at enrollment. Additional data regarding dental disease were obtained when available by development of a dental categorization system. Variables were explored in univariable and multivariable Cox regression models.ResultsIn the final multivariable Cox regression model, annual/frequent vaccination (P value, .003; hazard ratio, 5.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.83–17.64), moderate dental disease (P value, .008; hazard ratio, 13.83; 95% confidence interval, 2.01–94.99), and severe dental disease (P value, .001; hazard ratio, 35.35; 95% confidence interval, 4.31–289.73) predicted development of azotemic CKD.ConclusionOur study suggests independent associations between both vaccination frequency and severity of dental disease and development of CKD. Further studies to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of renal injury for these risk factors are warranted.
Highlights
Identification of risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats may aid in its earlier detection.Hypothesis/objectives: Evaluation of clinical and questionnaire data will identify risk factors for development of azotemic CKD in cats.Animals: One hundred and forty-eight client-owned geriatric (>9 years) cats
Healthy geriatric (>9 years old) nonazotemic cats were recruited into a longitudinal study between 2005 and 2009 that was conducted at 2 London-based first opinion practices (Beaumont Sainsbury Animals’ Hospital [BAH], Royal Veterinary College, Camden and People’s Dispensary for Sick Animals [PDSA], Bow)
Our study identified frequent or annual vaccination and moderate and severe dental disease as risk factors for development of azotemic CKD in geriatric cats
Summary
Identification of risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats may aid in its earlier detection.Hypothesis/objectives: Evaluation of clinical and questionnaire data will identify risk factors for development of azotemic CKD in cats.Animals: One hundred and forty-eight client-owned geriatric (>9 years) cats. Identification of risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats may aid in its earlier detection. Hypothesis/objectives: Evaluation of clinical and questionnaire data will identify risk factors for development of azotemic CKD in cats. Variables were explored in univariable and multivariable Cox regression models. Results: In the final multivariable Cox regression model, annual/frequent vaccination (P value, .003; hazard ratio, 5.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.83–17.64), moderate dental disease (P value, .008; hazard ratio, 13.83; 95% confidence interval, 2.01–94.99), and severe dental disease (P value, .001; hazard ratio, 35.35; 95% confidence interval, 4.31–289.73) predicted development of azotemic CKD. Conclusion: Our study suggests independent associations between both vaccination frequency and severity of dental disease and development of CKD. Further studies to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of renal injury for these risk factors are warranted.
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