Risk Factors, Assessment, and Health Related Quality of Life in Patients with Dyslipidemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital, India

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The main objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of dyslipidemia and measure its impact on patients’ quality of life (QOL).A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 elderly individuals. A standardized questionnaire was developed to assess the QOL using the short form-36 (SF-36) score. A total of 100 individuals were interviewed, of which 45% were females. The patients or the caregivers were briefed about the study and consent was obtained to be recruited in the study. The mean age of our study subjects was found to be 55.5±12.1 years. Evaluation of risk assessment done by using JBS3 risk score revealed 55.5% of the study population have the risk of ≤ 20% and 44.4% of the study population have the risk ≥of 21% of developing CVD in the next 10 years, out of which 48.6% of male patients have risk ≤ 20% and 51.4% have risk ≥21% and 64% of female patients have risk ≤ 20% and 36% have risk ≥21%. A risk asses-sment done have shown variation by 13.8 years in heart age from the actual age. The average actual age and heart age were 55.5±12.1 and 69.3±17.1 years respectively. The health-related quality of life of the patient is a combined assessment of the physical component summary (PCS), and mental component summary (MCS). The average of PCS and MCS were found to be 37.1 and 47.3 respectively indicating an overall average of HRQOL as 42.2 which represent low HRQOL in patients with dyslipidemia. The present study highlights the fact that patients with dyslipidemia have poor HRQOL as the overall PCS and MCS scores were low. KAP assessment revealed the majority of the population lack knowledge about the disease but had a positive response in case of practice and attitude towards the disease. DRP evaluation showed that most of the drug-related problems were potential drug interactions and poor medication adherence. Hence, these results highlight the extensive need for routine screening programs for blood lipid levels and appropriate interventi-on programs aimed at risk factor reduction, improve the HRQOL and to reduce the risk percentage for deve-loping CVD in the future, and also improve the knowledge about the disease to the patients, as more infor-mation about the disease and its management will empower patients to manage their condition better.