RISK ANALYSIS TO ASSESS SOCIAL VULNERABILITY IN THE COUNTRY CLUB LA VILLA, MOQUEGUA-2023

This research focuses on the evaluation of physical infrastructure and seismic vulnerability in the Joa commune of Canton Jipijapa (Ecuador). The lack of investment in adequate infrastructure can limit the community's growth and increase its vulnerability to natural disasters. The main objective is to diagnose the infrastructure and evaluate the seismic vulnerability of homes, identifying areas for improvement. The methodology combines surveys of residents and rapid visual assessments of buildings, utilizing the FEMA 154 methodology. The surveys collected information on housing characteristics and residents' perceptions of structural safety, while the rapid visual assessment classified homes according to their seismic vulnerability. The results showed that most homes are built with reinforced concrete or a combination of concrete and wood. Although most residents perceive little need for rehabilitation, the seismic assessment revealed that a significant percentage of homes have high vulnerability. The zoning map identified the areas of greatest risk. The main conclusion is that there is a worrying number of homes with high vulnerability that require urgent attention. It is recommended to implement reinforcement and rehabilitation programs, as well as education and awareness campaigns about seismic risk. Vulnerability zoning provides essential information for risk management and urban planning, with the aim of reducing the community's vulnerability to future earthquakes

Development of a seismic vulnerability and risk model for typical bridges considering innovative intensity measures

This study aims to determine the level of potential landslide vulnerability and the suitability of residential land in spatial patterns for landslide vulnerability in Padang Panjang City. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method. The data analysis techniques used are scoring and overlay. The results of the study show, 1) Landslide potential areas in Padang Panjang City are dominated by high vulnerability with an area of 954.39 ha, then landslide vulnerability with a medium class of 671.16 ha, low landslide vulnerability class of 402.37 ha, and very high landslide vulnerability areas of 68.85 ha. Then seen from the residential land that is at a low vulnerability level of 390.55 ha, residential land that is at a medium vulnerability level of 52.97 ha, and residential land that is at a high vulnerability level of 0.99 ha. 2) Residential land in the spatial pattern at a low level of vulnerability is 295.47 ha, residential land in the spatial pattern at a medium level of vulnerability is 190.66 ha, residential land in the spatial pattern at a high level of vulnerability is 278.37 ha, and residential land in the spatial pattern at a very high level of vulnerability is 14.24 ha. Based on these data, it can be concluded that most of Padang Panjang City is dominated by areas with high and medium landslide potential.

A GIS-based approach to identify the spatial variability of social vulnerability to seismic hazard in Italy

The potential for natural disasters in Pandeglang Regency is enormous considering that various kinds of disasters can occur in Pandeglang Regency. There needs to be comprehensive efforts to reduce the impact of the risk of natural disasters, one of them is by knowing the level of social vulnerability of the community in Pandeglang. Social vulnerability calculates the level of social vulnerability of the community to scenarios of natural disasters. This study aims to determine the level of social vulnerability and its distribution. Concept method of Social Vulnerability Index (SOVI) is used to measure regional vulnerability based on social indicators to disasters using the aspects of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. The variables used are population density, proportion of informal sector workers, proportion of vulnerable age population, proportion of non-permanent houses, proportion of prosperous households, proportion of high school graduates and number of social institutions. The level of vulnerability that dominates is a low vulnerability area by number 25 sub-districts or 71.42 % while there are 9 sub-districts or 25.71 % for high vulnerability areas and only 1 sub-district or 2.85 % of high vulnerability areas, namely Cimanuk District, which is in the northern part of Pandeglang Regency. Based on the value of vulnerability in several areas that still show a fairly large level of medium-high vulnerability. So, this data can be used as a recommendation as early mitigation measures to reduce the level of social vulnerability in order to reduce the impact that will later be caused.

South coastal area of Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta-Indonesia has a high tourism development due to the unique physical conditions of coastal typology. However, during the last few years, extreme wave height associated with cyclones damaged many tourist facilities there. Coastal management for ecosystem sustainability requires disaster mitigation, which one considering the aspect of vulnerability. This study aims to assess the level of coastal vulnerability according to coastal typology of Baron-Pok Tunggal section and to determine the coastal management model based on the level of vulnerability. The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) is used in vulnerability assessment. The variable formulation of CVI is divided into hydrodynamic factors (mean significant wave heights, mean tide range, and mean sea level rise) and morphodynamics factors, i.e. geomorphology, coastal slope, and average width of emerged beach. The morphodynamics data were obtained through observation, direct measurements in the field by systematic sampling, extraction from aerial photographs and digital surface model (DSM). The results of modeling and predictions by several agencies are derived to obtain the hydrodynamics data. The result of this study revealed that marine deposition coast typology have a high and moderate vulnerability (twelve and eleven coastal units, respectively). Meanwhile, a low vulnerability can be found in the cliff coast or wave erosion coast typology (24 units). The convex or concave beaches tend to be more vulnerable than beaches with the straight form. The beaches of Buluk, Drini, Kosakora, Sarangan and all beaches from Krakal to Indrayanti have a high vulnerability. Geomorphological variables, significant wave height, and sea level rise have the strongest influence on vulnerability. Coastal management in the marine deposition coast typology can be carried out either in a protective manner or by accommodative approach, such as by observing changes in natural conditions due to sea level rise.

Measuring vulnerability to COVID-19 and healthcare accessibility at the fine-grained level serves as the foundation for spatially explicit health planning and policy making in response to future public health crises. However, the evaluation of vulnerability and healthcare accessibility is insufficient in Japan – a nation with high population density and super-aging challenges. Drawing on the 2022 census data, transport network, medical and digital cadastral data, land use maps, and points of interest data, our study extends the concept of vulnerability in the context of COVID-19 and constructs the first fine-grained measure of vulnerability and healthcare accessibility in Tokyo Metropolis, Japan – the most populated metropolitan region in the world. We delineate the vulnerable neighbourhoods with low healthcare access and further evaluate the disparity in healthcare access and built environment of areas at different levels of vulnerability. Our outcome datasets and findings provide nuanced and timely evidence to government and health authorities to have a holistic and latest understanding of social vulnerability to COVID-19 and healthcare access at a fine-grained level. Our analytical framework can be employed in different geographic contexts, guiding through place-based health planning and policy making in the post-COVID era and beyond.

The evaluation of vulnerability is a crucial aspect in the sustainable development, utilization, and preservation of groundwater resources. This study utilizes a comprehensive approach, integrating systematic analysis of hydrogeological conditions and the utilization of observed and collected data. The evaluation of groundwater vulnerability in the Yishu River Basin (YRB) was conducted by employing the DRASTIC model, along with the zone overlay function of GIS software. Seven evaluation indicators were considered in this assessment. The findings demonstrate that the groundwater vulnerability in the YRB can be categorized into five divisions: excellent, good, medium, poor, and very poor, accounting for 14.5%, 42.3%, 27.9%, 14.0%, and 1.3% respectively. The areas with low vulnerability are predominantly located in the eastern part of the study area, covering the largest proportion of the total area. Conversely, areas with high vulnerability are found alongside both banks of the Shu River, forming narrow strips. Although these areas have smaller overall coverage, they contain dispersed water sources that require careful attention. These research findings provide valuable scientific insights and serve as a reference for urban planning, land use management, and groundwater resource protection in the YRB. The formulation and adoption of targeted protection measures in accordance with different groundwater vulnerability zoning, the formulation of scientific groundwater resource development and utilization programs, and execution of land resource planning are of great significance from the perspective of groundwater resource protection.

This paper quantitatively evaluates the suitability of multi-sensor remote sensing to assess the seismic vulnerability of buildings for the example city of Padang, Indonesia. Features are derived from remote sensing data to characterize the urban environment and are subsequently combined with in situ observations. Machine learning approaches are deployed in a sequential way to identify meaningful sets of features that are suitable to predict seismic vulnerability levels of buildings. When assessing the vulnerability level according to a scoring method, the overall mean absolute percentage error is 10.6%, if using a supervised support vector regression approach. When predicting EMS-98 classes, the results show an overall accuracy of 65.4% and a kappa statistic of 0.36, if using a naive Bayes learning scheme. This study shows potential for a rapid screening assessment of large areas that should be explored further in the future.

Gombel Village, located in the southern region of Semarang City, Central Java, is one of the areas prone to land subsidence and localized slope instability. These geohazards are frequently exacerbated by anthropogenic activities, including uncontrolled development, heavy traffic, and infrastructure construction, which contribute dynamic loading to the already fragile geological setting. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the last recorded earthquake in this region occurred in 1996. Although seismic activity appears relatively infrequent, the potential for seismic wave amplification due to site effects remains significant, particularly in zones underlain by thick alluvial or weathered sedimentary deposits. This study aims to assess seismic site vulnerability in Gombel Village through the analysis of Ground Shear Strain (GSS), Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), and the Seismic Vulnerability Index (Kg). Primary data were acquired through microtremor measurements conducted using a single-station approach across 65 strategically distributed points. The Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method was employed to extract the dominant frequency () and amplification factor () from ambient seismic noise. Results indicate that the seismic vulnerability index (Kg) in the study area ranges from to 22.74 cm/s. PGA values are relatively stable, ranging from 5.22 to 5.24 Gal, while GSS values vary between to strain units. High seismic vulnerability zones are identified at measurement points D2, D3, E2, E3, F2, and F3, which coincide with areas undergoing active subsidence. These zones are characterized by high amplification factors () and low dominant frequencies (), indicating the presence of thick soft sediment layers that are prone to amplify ground motion and facilitate ground deformation during seismic events. The findings underscore the necessity for detailed microzonation and the incorporation of seismic risk mitigation strategies in urban planning, especially in subsiding zones with unfavorable subsurface conditions. Keywords: Gombel Village; Microtremor; HVSR; GSS; PGA; Seismic Vulnerability; SDGs

The province of Alicante (Spain), especially the southern part, is one of the regions with the highest seismic risk in the peninsular territory. The interaction between the high seismic danger and the social vulnerability that characterizes the coast of the province of Alicante implies a significant level of risk. Based on this, this paper criticizes the lack of analytical depth in the field of seismology and seismic risk planning to analyze and evaluate the seismic vulnerability that characterizes a population. In particular, a total lack of social factor has been verified in the evaluation of the seismic vulnerability, as well as an absesnce of a procedural perspective in the construction of the risk. However, an excessively technical seismic risk management has been found, exclusively based on the analysis of the architectural resistance of the buildings. This paper argues the need to rethink the concept of seismic risk in depth, in order to understand it as a socially constructed process. In addition, a specific methodological proposal is made to analyze and evaluate the seismic vulnerability of the municipalities of the Alicante coast in an integrated way. This area is exposed to social and economic phenomena that make them especially sensitive to the effects of seismic movements. In short, this paper claims the need to dispute the hegemony of the technocratic paradigm that dominates the analysis and planning of seismic risk in order to move towards a more integrated and multidisciplinary approach that allows to increase the seismic-social resilience of society and territory.

There has been an increase on the interest of Engineers and designers to use designing methods based on displacement and behavior (designing based on performance) Regarding to the importance of resisting structure design against dynamic loads such as earthquake, and inability to design according to prediction of nonlinear behavior element caused by nonlinear properties of constructional material.Economically speaking, easy carrying out and accessibility of masonry material have caused an enormous increase in masonry structures in villages, towns and cities. On the other hand, there is a necessity to study behavior and Seismic Vulnerability in these kinds of structures since Iran is located on the earthquake belt of Alpide.Different reasons such as environmental, economic, social, cultural and accessible constructional material have caused different kinds of constructional structures.In this study, some tied walls have been modeled with software and with relevant accelerator suitable with geology condition...

Detection of aquifer vulnerable areas can highlight preventive actions for groundwater contamination. Different models have been presented for the evaluation of vulnerability that one of the most regular and well-known models of the overlapping index as the SINTACS-LU (Soggiacence, actual infiltration, non saturated zone, typology of overburden, hydrogeological characteristics of the aquifer, hydraulic conductivity, topographic Slope) model was considered in this research. In fact, this model has been extended based on the impact of land use parameters in the vulnerability evaluation. Purpose of this study is the qualitative evaluation of Birjand plain aquifer vulnerability using the SINTACS-LU model. For this, the Birjand plain aquifer in the statistical periods of 2013-2018 has been evaluated. According to the results of this assessment, the SINTACS-LU vulnerability zoning map reveals that 15 percent of the studied region has the vulnerability of medium to high, 75 percent of the area has a high vulnerability, and 10 percent has the too high vulnerability. In order to the verification of the SINTACS-LU model, the relationship between the vulnerability index and the obtained nitrate concentration values from 21 groundwater samples were assessed. The correlation coefficient between the SINTACS-LU vulnerability index and the nitrate concentration was 75 percent, which indicates the appropriate correlation of this model with the nitrate concentration as the indicator of the groundwater contamination.

Seismic vulnerability assessment and reduction at a territorial scale on masonry and adobe housing by rapid vulnerability indicators: The case of Tlajomulco, Mexico

Kawasan Cagar Budaya Candi Muara Jambi is one of the cultural heritage and national heritage in Jambi Province, its location along the Batanghari watershed has a threat to the Batanghari river overflow flood disaster. This study aims to analyze and map the level of disaster vulnerability with the aim of reducing the impact of losses and the impact of the population exposed to disasters. Determination of the level of disaster vulnerability is done with several vulnerability parameters, namely social, economic, physical and environmental vulnerability. In this study, a Geographic Information System (GIS) approach was used to analyze the level of disaster vulnerability using weighting scoring techniques and overlay techniques. This research used secondary data. Based on the results of the study obtained information that the level of vulnerability of flood disasters in the study area is at a moderate level of vulnerability with a high level of vulnerability parameter, namely economic vulnerability with a moderate level of vulnerability parameter, namely social, physical and environmental vulnerability.