Abstract
Abstract With the rapid increase in the proportion of new energy installed capacity, to solve the problem of new energy output volatility, lithium-ion battery energy storage has developed rapidly by its electrical characteristics and economic advantages and has become a hot spot for the large-scale application of electrochemical energy storage, but it is also accompanied by safety problems such as battery short-circuit and thermal runaway. Based on the typical structure of the lithium battery energy storage system, this paper establishes a complete simulation model of the lithium battery energy storage system, calculates the change rule of battery system electrical parameters inside the battery module under different types of short-circuit faults, and summarizes the fault characteristics and risks of lithium battery energy storage system under different faults. The study shows that short-circuit faults inside the battery module will cause significant fluctuations in the terminal voltage and current of the battery system. The internal short-circuit faults will increase the inter-cluster circulating current. In contrast, the larger short-circuit current will not only cause the local battery cells to overcharge and over-discharge but also trigger the thermal runaway of the battery system.
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