Abstract
BackgroundCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established treatment in advanced heart failure (HF). However, an important subset does not derive a significant benefit. Despite an established predictive role in HF, the significance of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in predicting clinical benefit from CRT remains unclear. We investigated the role of RV function, assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), in predicting response to and major adverse clinical events in HF patients undergoing CRT.MethodsSixty consecutive patients were evaluated with CMR prior to CRT implantation in a tertiary cardiac centre. The primary end-point was a composite of death from any cause or unplanned hospitalization for a major cardiovascular event. The secondary end-point was response to therapy, defined as improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 5% on echocardiography at one year.ResultsEighteen patients (30%) met the primary end-point over a median follow-up period of 26 months, and 27 out of 56 patients (48%) were considered responders to CRT. On time-to-event analysis, only atrial fibrillation (HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.02-6.84, p = 0.047) and RV dysfunction, either by a reduced right ventricular ejection fraction-RVEF (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.99, p = 0.006) or tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion-TAPSE (HR 0.88, 95% CI, 0.80-0.96, p = 0.006), were significant predictors of adverse events. On logistic regression analysis, preserved RVEF (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.09, p = 0.01) and myocardial scar burden (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.96, p = 0.004) were the sole independent predictors of response to CRT. Patients with marked RV dysfunction (RVEF < 30%) had a particularly low response rate (18.2%) to CRT.ConclusionsRight ventricular function is an important predictor of both response to CRT and long-term clinical outcome. Routine assessment of the right ventricle should be considered in the evaluation of patients for CRT.
Highlights
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established treatment in advanced heart failure (HF)
Since LVEF was narrowly distributed by accepted indications for CRT, the wide RVEF distribution observed may explain why right ventricular (RV) function was an independent discriminator in this population with advanced HF
Response is a Conclusions Right ventricular function appears an important predictor of response and major adverse events following CRT
Summary
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established treatment in advanced heart failure (HF). Despite an established predictive role in HF, the significance of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in predicting clinical benefit from CRT remains unclear. We investigated the role of RV function, assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), in predicting response to and major adverse clinical events in HF patients undergoing CRT. Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is an established therapeutic option for selected patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF). Whilst much attention has focused on remodelling of the left ventricle (LV), the role of the right ventricle (RV) in the appropriate selection of patients for CRT remains unclear [3]. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) offers superior three dimensional representation of the RV, leading to a more accurate and reproducible assessment of RV function [8].
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