Abstract
Patients treated with statins continue to suffer cardiovascular events. The lipid-related residual risk is that which remains after statin therapy. This risk is unacceptably high and is mostly due to atherogenic dyslipidemia, which is characterized by elevated triglycerides, decreased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and the presence of small, dense lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) particles. To reduce the residual risk due to atherogenic dyslipidemia, it is essential to identify this lipid profile in susceptible individuals (patients with a history of premature ischemic heart disease, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity and familial combined dyslipidemia) and provide statin therapy to achieve the main aim of LDL-c target level. Once this goal has been achieved, a fibrate or nicotinic acid should be added to statin therapy to reduce the residual risk of cardiovascular complications.
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