Abstract
Rice is an important food grain and is a staple food for majority of the world’s population. To meet increasing global demand and consumption, rice productivity must be enhanced. However, biotic stresses such as diseases have impeded rice cultivation both in the tropics and subtropics. Of them, sheath blight is a major soil borne disease causing economic losses to rice cultivation. This article summarizes sheath blight (ShB) of rice, disease etiology and economics. Elaborative and updated accounts of various management options and their efficacy for ShB control are given. Specifically, the effects of popular cultural practices influencing ShB incidence, various chemical fungicides, and biological control individually and their combined effect on ShB are presented. The role of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and various genera of PGPR in ShB suppression are discussed. The present review also showed various aspects relating to ShB suppression by PGPR such as antagonism, competition for space and essential nutrients, and induction of systemic resistance. Integrated management of ShB involving all the compatible combinations is included in this review.
Highlights
Rice is an important food grain and is a staple food for majority of the world’s population
China and India are ranked first and second in rice production according to Foreign Service Association of United States Department of Agriculture statistics [11]
A significant amount of achievable rice production is safeguarded from R. solani by using protection strategies
Summary
The world’s population is expected to surge from 6.1 billion in 2000 to 9.2 billion in 2050 [1]. The world population is expected to grow at 1.2% or approximately 77 million people per year [2]. Lack of balance between crop production and demographic food demand is due to existence of hunger and malnutrition [3,4] With this population rise, it is expected that a corresponding food security problem will occur with the probability of losing agricultural land to industrialization and urbanization. China and India are ranked first and second in rice production according to Foreign Service Association of United States Department of Agriculture statistics [11]. Together they account for 51.4% of total world milled rice production. In spite of successful adaptation of scientific developments and establishment of rice crop, pests and pathogens are inevitable and protective methods should be available to minimize the crop loss
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