Rice field snail shell anticancer properties: An exploration opinion.

Abstract

Calcium carbonate is also the primary material used to synthesize hydroxyapatite, a biocompatible material with high binding activity to proteins and genetic materials. Nanoparticle hydroxyapatite showed in vitro and in vivo anti-proliferative potential against cancer cells (Kargozar, S. et al., 2020; Zhao, H. et al., 2018). Various studies have shown that snail shells also contain bioactive compounds like chitin – the primary material of chitosan – that offers antipathogenic, antioxidant properties, as well as pharmaceutical additive potential (Jatto, O.E. et al., 2010; Abd El-Hack. M.E. et al., 2020). Furthermore, chitin and its derivatives were found to have a significant immunomodulating response against cancer and antitumor activity through the downregulation of tumor angiogenesis factors, apoptotic effects stimulation, and decreased cell adhesion (Satitsri, S. and Muanprasat, C., 2020). However, the bioactive component's profile of snail shells is partially influenced by their habitat, surrounding environment, mineral content, and microorganisms (Sundalian, M. et al., 2021). Therefore, this article specifically aims to summarize the recent findings on potential anticancer properties in molecular and cellular oncology mechanisms of rice field snail shells.