Rice Allelopathy for Weed Control

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is among the most important grain crops of the world. This is grown in all parts of the world. Weeds are the most important biological constraint that interfere the rice growth and decrease its productivity. Most important rice weeds include Echinochloa spp., Cyperus spp., Leptochloa spp., Paspalum spp., etc. Rice with an allelopathic potential has been reported from various parts of the world. Momilactones and phenolic compounds are the important allelochemicals reported in rice. Biological activities of momilactones against weeds and other plant species have been observed consistently. Allelopathic potential of rice can play an important role in improving the efficacy and sustainability of weed control, particularly in rice and generally in other crops. For example, growing rice cultivars possessing an allelopathic potential can help suppress the weeds in rice. Similarly, the residues of rice can be applied in rice and other crops as well for achieving a non-herbicidal weed control. This chapter discusses the allelopathic potential of rice and opportunities to utilize this for weed control in the form of allelopathic rice cultivars and allelopathic rice mulch.