Abstract
Abstract A description is provided for Rhizina undulata . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Larix decidua, L. leptolepis, Picea abies, P. sitchensis, Pinus contorta, P. nigra, P. maritima, P. sylvestris, P . elliottii var. elliottii, P. patula, P. pinaster, P. strobus, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Tsuga mertensiana, T. heterophylla , Abies alba among softwoods, and Castanea sativa , a hardwood. DISEASE: Group dying of conifers. The disease is characterized by the death of seedlings or plantation trees in groups, which are always found around old fire sites. The roots of infected trees are covered with white or yellowish mycelial strands and fruit bodies of the fungus are formed on the litter at the base of diseased trees during wet weather. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Republic of Ireland, Sweden, USSR (Lithuania & Latvia SSR)); Africa (Rhodesia, Ngwane (formerly Swaziland), South Africa); USA (Oregon, Washington State, Minnisota, California, Md, New York); Canada (British Columbia). TRANSMISSION: By ascospores through the soil, after they have been activated by exposure to temperatures of 35-45°C in the neighbourhood of pine roots.
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