Abstract
Problem Statement: Sanitary landfilling is the most common way to eliminate solid urban wastes. An important problem associated to landfills is the production of leachates. This study is a review of landfill leachate treatments. Approach: The advantages and disadvantages of the various existing leachate treatments discussed under the items: (i) Leachate channeling (combined treatment with domestic sewage, recycling) (ii) Biological processing (aerobic and anaerobic) (iii) Chemical/physical treatment (flotation, coagulation/flocculation, chemical precipitation, adsorption, ammonium stripping, chemical oxidation, ion exchange and electrochemical treatment) (iv) Membrane filtration (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis). Conclusion: The major fraction of old or biologically treated leachate was large recalcitrant organic molecules that are not easy removed during biological treatment. So that, in order to meet strict quality standards for direct discharge of leachate into the surface water, a development of integrated methods of treatment, a combination of biological, chemical, physical and membrane process steps, were required. Today, the use of membrane technologies, more especially Reverse Osmosis (RO), either as a main step in a landfill leachate treatment chain or as single post-treatment step had shown to be an indispensable means of achieving purification.
Highlights
Landfilling of municipal waste is still a very important issue of the waste management system in the world
Wastes cause two types of pollution, which correspond to the migration into the natural environment of:- [1]leachates, defined as water that has percolated through the wastes, a source of soil and groundwater contamination and[2]biogas produced by the fermentation of organic matter, a source of air pollution
Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)- process is based on the use of suspended porous polymeric carriers, kept in continuous movement in the aeration tank, while the active biomass grows as a biofilm on the surfaces of them
Summary
Landfilling of municipal waste is still a very important issue of the waste management system in the world. Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)- process is based on the use of suspended porous polymeric carriers, kept in continuous movement in the aeration tank, while the active biomass grows as a biofilm on the surfaces of them Mains advantages of this method compared to conventional suspended growth processes seems to be: higher biomass concentrations, no long sludge-settling periods, lower sensitivity to toxic compounds[46] and both organic and high ammonia removals in a single process[22]. Coagulation-flocculation: Coagulation-flocculation may be used successfully in treating stabilized and old landfill leachates[63] It is widely used as a pretreatment[4,78], prior to biological or reverse osmosis step, or as a final polishing treatment step in order to remove non-biodegradable organic matter. If this method is to be efficient, high pH values must be used and the contaminated gas phase must be treated with either
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