Abstract
Electric vehicles are a new and upcoming technology in the transportation and power sector that have many benefits in terms of economic and environmental. This study presents a comprehensive review and evaluation of various types of electric vehicles and its associated equipment in particular battery charger and charging station. A comparison is made on the commercial and prototype electric vehicles in terms of electric range, battery size, charger power and charging time. The various types of charging stations and standards used for charging electric vehicles have been outlined and the impact of electric vehicle charging on utility distribution system is also discussed.
Highlights
In light of high energy usage, environmental pollution and rising fossil fuel prices, current dependent on Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) technology must be reduced and alternative fuel which has the potential to solve environmental pollution; global warming and energy sustainability concerns must be explored
ICE remains the prime mover for automobiles with fossil fuel as the main fuel
The paradigm shift towards electrification drives the development of new types of propulsion systems based on electric
Summary
In light of high energy usage, environmental pollution and rising fossil fuel prices, current dependent on Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) technology must be reduced and alternative fuel which has the potential to solve environmental pollution; global warming and energy sustainability concerns must be explored. Electric drive vehicles are very attractive due to low road emissions, can potentially strengthen the power system by providing ancillary services; have a lower operating cost compared to fossil fuels and are more energy efficient. This means that ICE can be used to drive the vehicle together with the motor, or used for generating electricity to be stored in the battery, depending on the operating conditions and setup.
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