Abstract
Agroforestry is an ancient practice and also the farmers are too much familiarized with it in Ethiopia. It contributes incredible benefits via socio-economic and environment. The main idea of this paper is to review Agro-forestry system/practices and its contribution in Ethiopia. Most common types of agroforestry practices are home garden, farmland, woodlot and coffee farm; however, their distribution and perception of farmer on those various practice varied. An amazing, each agroforestry practice contributes multiple benefits because it provides various services from specific unit of land. The major advantage was diversify productions, which is the best strategy, particularly for smallholder’s farmer because their livelihood depending on farming system. Agroforestry practice is highly recommended and acceptable than mono-cropping consequently it provides a socio-economic benefits like tree products (Timber, firewood, construction materials and fruit for food) and income, whereas environmental services (reduce soil erosion, increase soil moisture and fertility, coffee shade, and keep micro climate balance). Generally, it is good tool for mitigating and adapting climate change. As result farmers were accounted it as a mainstay for maximizing their land productive capacity then improve the smallholder’s livelihoods. Therefore, the government should encourage agroforestry practice for improving the livelihoods of farmer and smoothly to tolerate the variable of climate change.
Highlights
Agroforestry system is an ancient practice and the farmer more recognized it
Because, mixing trees with annual crop is an option for diversifying productions and increases the productivity [17, 62]. It supports in reducing environmental degradation and provides multiple benefits to smallholder farmers [19]. This consequence will enhance the rural farmer to cope with climate change
Agroforestry system is the oldest traditional practice in Ethiopia, but today it is accounted as the modern land use system
Summary
Agroforestry system is an ancient practice and the farmer more recognized it. It is a form of sustainable land use systems that combine tree with crop or animal husbandry simultaneously and sequentially [1]. Tree-based agroforestry land use practice under different land use has various forms of agroforestry practices such as home garden, coffee farm, farmland, woodlot etc. Concept and Definition of Agroforestry Agroforestry is a dynamic, ecologically based natural resource management system through, which the integration of trees/woody perennials in farm, diversifies and sustains production to increase social, economic and environmental benefits [23]. It is a new name for a traditional old land use practices, but late 1970 it’s emerged as modern improved land use systems. There are others factors like management practice [25], family size and numbers of livestock holding and in-depth understanding the benefits of trees, especial income [26]
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