Abstract
The paper gives a short review of P/M routes which were developed or adapted by the authors for the net-shape manufacturing of titanium implants. Special attention is paid to the production of highly porous bone implants, where the porosity is achieved by the application of temporary space holder particles, which are removed before or during sintering by decomposition or dissolution. In this case, shaping was done either by machining of powder compacts in the green and sintered state or by metal injection moulding (MIM). The challenges of these shaping technologies and current solutions are discussed. To complete the review, two promising new technologies for the net-shape production of highly porous titanium implants, the replica technique and additive manufacturing are briefly introduced.
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