Abstract
This review addresses the impact of different nanoadditives on the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which is a widely used industrial polymer. The relatively high Tg limits its temperature-dependent applications. The objective of the review is to present the state-of-the-art knowledge on the influence of nanofillers of various origins and dimensions on the Tg of the PVC. The Tg variations induced by added nanofillers can be probed mostly by such experimental techniques as thermomechanical analysis (TMA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dielectric thermal analysis (DETA). The increase in Tg is commonly associated with the use of mineral and carbonaceous nanofillers. In this case, a rise in the concentration of nanoadditives leads to an increase in the Tg due to a restraint of the PVC macromolecular chain’s mobility. The lowering of Tg may be attributed to the well-known plasticizing effect, which is a consequence of the incorporation of oligomeric silsesquioxanes to the polymeric matrix. It has been well established that the variation in the Tg value depends also on the chemical modification of nanofillers and their incorporation into the PVC matrix. This review may be an inspiration for further investigation of nanofillers’ effect on the PVC glass transition temperature.
Highlights
Amorphous polymers have been extensively studied due to their numerous applications required by the tremendous industrial and technological growth [1,2,3]
The glass transition temperature, the molecular dynamics in the polymer are restricted, which means that the molecular motion is limited to local rearrangements, such as the vibrations and rotations of atoms, in a state characteristic of solid-like materials
The Tg temperature indicates a limit of the temperature-dependent applications of polymers, polymer blends, and polymer composites as its achievement is accompanied by gradual changes in various physicochemical properties, such as electrical and heat conductivity, dielectric constant, specific volume, thermal capacity, and others [9,10]
Summary
Amorphous polymers have been extensively studied due to their numerous applications required by the tremendous industrial and technological growth [1,2,3]. These materials are characterized by a random disordered molecular structure [4]. Cooling the molten polymers below their equilibrium melting temperature without crystallization results in a disordered molecular structure that takes the form of a solid-like noncrystalline glass [5,6]. The glass transition temperature, the molecular dynamics in the polymer are restricted, which means that the molecular motion is limited to local rearrangements, such as the vibrations and rotations of atoms, in a state characteristic of solid-like materials. A comprehensive analysis of the glass transition at the molecular level is crucial for determining the properties associated with the processing of new polymeric materials and with their wide applications
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
