Abstract
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) -like 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the cellular protection against free radical damage and reduce the incidence of radical derived degenerative diseases such as cancer. Nrf2 is referred to as the "master regulator" of the antioxidant response due to the fact that it modulates the expression of several genes including phase-2 and antioxidant enzymes playing a crucial role in detoxification of electrophiles and reactive oxygen species (ROS), including glutathione-S-transferase (GST), gamma-glutamyl cysteine ligase (γ-GCL), glutathione-S-reductase (GSR), NAD(P)H:quinoneoxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), etc. Following dissociation from it obligatory partner Kelch like ECHassociated protein 1 (Keap1), Nrf2 translocates to the nucleus and transactivates the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the promoter region of several antioxidant genes. In this review, we discuss the role of the Nrf2 system, with particular focus on Nrf2-controlled target genes.
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