Review of information and communication technologies for smart micro-grid automation

Abstract

The growing challenges of Smart Micro-Grid can only be met if secure and fast information and communication technology (ICT) solutions are developed. In this paper, some of the ICT techniques are reviewed for smart micro-grid automation. Firstly, an overview of the role of ICT in grid distribution is explained with respect to electricity value chain in power distribution. Further, each domain in the value chain is analyzed with respect to ICT applications in power generation, transmission, distribution and consumption. ICT stands as a prominent driving force to enhance trustworthiness, security, and productivity of the power distribution through information exchange, regulated generation, demand management, and the active involvement of the end consumer. It helpsevadepeak hours and switch between renewable and other energy sources. When many consumers are subscribed to smart micro-grid system, the demand of its reliability and security can only be guaranteed through robust ICT applications. ICTs in smart micro-grid helps to advance power reliability and quality avoiding electricity blackouts. When automation, remote monitoring, supervision and controlling entities are integrated in substantial scale, security of the micro-grid system is challenged due to more flexibility accessibility and information openness. ICT challenges and issues in the smart micro-grid are discussed and next generation innovative micro-grid control center is explained to recognize the potential of ICTs in the smart micro-grid automation.