Review of Damaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Damaeidae) from Crimea with description of two new cave-dwelling species

ARnold is a mixed reality (MR) film built for the Microsoft HoloLens that takes place in the viewer’s living room. The film uses the concepts of spatial mapping, spatial understanding, spatial audio, and world anchors to place multiple scenes on the viewer’s actual surroundings and dynamically changes the storyline, based on the objects in the room. ARnold takes these technological opportunities and applies them to traditional storytelling techniques to create a film that is uniquely suited for MR. The main purpose of this project was to explore whether telling personalized experiences with a viewer-chosen setting increases empathy and creates a deeper emotional connection with the story. This paper also discusses the technical limitations of Microsoft HoloLens along the lines of how it affected our entire development cycle and the different techniques we adopted to tackle this challenge. This paper provides a detailed overview of our entire development cycle from both a technical and creative standpoint.

A software quality assurance framework using knowledge-based engineering technology is described. The knowledge-engineering technology uses an object-oriented database to store the knowledge (the software quality information), and rules and meta-rules are its inferential knowledge. A dependency-based truth maintenance system based on hypothetical reasoning is used for design evaluation of the software quality. This framework can provide knowledge-based assistance for quality assurance throughout the entire software development cycle. To ensure high quality software and achieve cost-effective software development and maintenance, software metrics are used during the entire software development cycle to measure and predict the quality of software products. Various metrics for software attributes for all phases of the software development cycle will be collected and stored in the object-oriented database. The integration of the knowledge base with the software quality framework provides a wide range of support to the development of large-scale software systems. >

This paper compares the traditional Text-Based approach with Model-Based Design (MBD) approach and demonstrates the efficiency of adopting Model-Based Design when coupled with application simulation and automatic code generation. Organizations can see gains not only in the reduction of the development cycle but also in the overall improvement of the DO-178B or DO-178C certification process; including reduction of schedule and costs, and improvements in the quality and reliability. In the old school of thought, the methodology relies on textual specifications and physical prototypes. That is why the Text-Based Design approach is tightly associated with the waterfall methodology where all the textual requirements are manually coded, inspected, and tested on a real embedded system. In this method, changes in any part of the waterfall chain are very costly and time consuming, leaving almost no room to iterate on the design. By contrast, in the Model-Based Design approach, the specifications are self contained in the HMI Model. The HMI requirements are defined in an unambiguous way and often captured in a formal definition language. The model owns many graphical representations, called model views, such as Structure Diagram, State Charts, Interaction and Sequence diagrams, etc. Model-Based Design incorporates the behavior and performance requirements to properly describe the overall avionics application. This model possesses graphical representations and can be used throughout the entire development cycle, from the requirement inception phase up to the final embedded application deployment. Model-Based Design offers a collaborative approach to avionics development and allows engineers to inexpensively experiment with various concepts by involving hardware as late as possible in the development process. Correcting problems in the early simulation phase is undeniably the strongest argument in favor of the Model-Based Design approach for developing certifiable or non-certifiable avionics applications.

The normal development cycle at 25 ° of the blackbeetle lasts about 12 months, that of the cockroach about 3 months, so that in comparing the velocity of growth of these insects the ratio 4 : 1 may be taken (1 month is equivalent to 1 week). During approximately one-third of these periods the insects grow equally rapidly on synthetic as on normal diets. The entire development cycle of the blackbeetle could not be completed on a synthetic diet. The larvae attain barely one-third of the normal weight during the normal post-embryonic development period, after which they die, without, however, losing weight to any great extent. Blackbeetle larvae put on synthetic diets half-way through the growth period can attain sexual maturity. The cockroach is able to complete its entire development cycle on a synthetic diet, even when the only nitrogenous constituent is glycine. The symptoms of avitaminosis, which appear after the above-stated time, are lack of mobility, the appearance of a matt surface of the chitin envelope; should sexual maturity be attained, small dimensions and infertility are characteristic symptoms. Ovalbumin may be replaced by biologically deficient proteins such as gelatin, or even by glycine, without in any way affecting the character of growth. By diminishing the percentage nitrogen content in diets the rate of growth is distinctly diminished, but at the same time the period of its duration is prolonged. Blackbeetles and cockroaches are exceptionally resistant to the absence of nitrogenous constituents in their food, being able to maintain their body-weight over periods of time equal in length to that of the entire normal post-embryonic cycle. Even after prolonged inhibition of growth, the administration of a normal diet allows these animals to resume growth and attain sexual maturity, including the production of normal young. The rate of growth of insects which have been given normal food after long periods of inhibition of growth is independent of the actual age of the inSect, and corresponds to that which the animal possessed at the commencement of the period of inhibition. These insects do not survive long if fed upon exclusively protein diets, in the absence of carbohydrates. The addition of small quantities of butter, yeast, or vitamin B extracts to synthetic and complete diets does not lead to any enhancement of growth.

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Although computer models for vehicle and sub-system performance simulations have been developed and used extensively in the past several decades, there is currently a need to enhance the overall availability of these types of tools. Increasing demands on vehicle performance targets have intensified the need to obtain rapid feedback on the effects of vehicle modifications throughout the entire development cycle.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">At the same time, evolution of the PC and development of Web-based applications have contributed to the availability, accessibility, and user-friendliness of sophisticated computer analysis.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Web engineering is an ideal approach in supporting globalization and is a cost-effective design-analysis integration business strategy. There is little doubt that this new approach will have positive impacts on product cost, quality, and development cycle time.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper will show how Microsoft Excel and the Web can be powerful and effective tools in the development process. To demonstrate the technique, a vehicle wide-open-throttle acceleration performance simulation example will be presented.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Basic equations and assumptions will be reviewed, followed by a discussion on the consideration of several special conditions. Applicable programming techniques will be presented. An example of Web-based execution is provided.</div>

Goal. The aim of the work was to evaluate the possibilities of using the eggs of the chestnut moth to feed coccinellids in laboratory conditions. Methods. Research was conducted in the laboratory of pesticide application technology. In laboratory conditions, experiments were conducted according to the following scheme: 5 pairs of coccinellid adults (Adalia bipunctata L.) were placed in each garden, in which corrugated filter paper was previously placed. After that, the garden was tightly closed with a cloth moistened with water with added sugar. Subsequently, one-day-old eggs of the chestnut moth were placed in the garden with coccinellids and the investigated insects were kept at a temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 50—60%. Coccinellids, which fed on the cereal aphid Schizaphis graminum Rond (previously propagated on wheat seedlings), were taken as a control. The repetition of the experiment is 5 times. Accounting was carried out daily. The obtained results were processed statistically, according to standard methods of processing the results of biological experiments. Results. The results showed that coccinellids that fed on day-old chestnut moth eggs laid no more than 75.0 eggs, while the fecundity of control individuals reached 363.0 specimens. The resulting coccinelid eggs were planted in separate gardens for further research. The development of entomophagous eggs was 5—8 days. The reborn larvae continued to be fed with chestnut moth eggs in the experimental variants, and with grain aphids in the control variants. The duration of development of the first larval instar was 2—3 days, but they did not survive to the third instar in the experimental variants. Only the control individuals completed the full cycle of their development. At the same time, the larval stage lasted 9—14 days, the pupa — 4—6 days. The entire cycle of development is 15—24 days. After 8—10 days after the emergence of coccinellid adults, they mate. Conclusions. It has been proven that the eggs of the chestnut moth are not a complete food source for coccinellids of the species A. bipunctata L., causing a significant suppression of the fertility of this predator and the death of its larvae up to the third age.

Program evaluation is a must for medical education programs and requires the involvement of all the concerned stakeholders. It is important to note that the general aim behind any educational program is to look for a change, and thus, program evaluation should look to identify whether the change has occurred or not. In fact, a systematically performed program evaluation provides the organizers with the desired evidence about the quality of the program, accountability, and its sustainability. In conclusion, the program evaluation in the field of medical education is a vital cog in the entire cycle of development and implementation. Thus, it is extremely important to give due attention to the evaluation component and develop the framework for the same right at the time of the planning phase of the program.

Maddalena Iovene¹, Graciela Fernandéz De Córdova2, Ombretta Romice¹, Sergio Porta¹ ¹Urban Design Studies Unit (UDSU). Department of Architecture. University of Strathclyde. 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow, G11XJ, UK. 2Centro de Investigación de la Arquitectura y la Ciudad (CIAC), Departamento de Arquitectura, PUCP. Av. Universitaria 1801, 32 San Miguel, Lima, Peru. E-mail: maddalena.iovene@strath.ac.uk, gdcfernandez@pucp.edu.pe, ombretta.r.romice@strath.ac.uk, sergioporta@strath.ac.uk Keywords (3-5): Informal Settlement, Peru, Lima, Model of Change, Urban Morphology Conference topics and scale: Reading and Regenerating the Informal City Cities are the largest complex adaptive system in human culture and have always been changing in time according to largely unplanned patterns of development. Though urban morphology has typically addressed studies of form in cities, with emphasis on historical cases, diachronic comparative studies are still relatively rare, especially those based on quantitative analysis. As a result, we are still far from laying the ground for a comprehensive understanding of the urban form’s model of change. However, developing such understanding is extremely relevant as the cross-scale interlink between the spatial and social-economic dynamics in cities are increasingly recognized to play a major role in the complex functioning of urban systems and quality of life. We study the urban form of San Pedro de Ate, an informal settlement in Lima, Peru, along its entire cycle of development over the last seventy years. Our study, conducted through a four-months on-site field research, is based on the idea that informal settlements would change according to patterns similar to those of pre-modern cities, though at a much faster pace of growth, yet giving the opportunity to observe the evolution of an urban organism in a limited time span. To do so we first digitalize aerial photographs of five different time periods (from 1944 to 2013), to then conduct a typo-morphological analysis at five scales: a) unit, b) building, c) plot, d) block, and e) settlement (comprehensive of public spaces and street network). We identify and classify patterns of change in the settlement’s urban structure using recognised literature on pre-modern cities, thus supporting our original hypothesis. We then suggest a unitary model of analysis that we name Temporal Settlement Matrix (TSM). Reference List Caniggia, G., & Maffei, G. L. (2008). Lettura dell’edilizia di base (Vol. 215). Alinea Editrice. Conzen, M. R. G. (1958). The growth and character of Whitby. A Survey of Whitby and the Surrounding Area, 49–89. Hernández, F., Kellett, P. W., & Allen, L. K. (2010). Rethinking the informal city: critical perspectives from Latin America (Vol. 11). Berghahn Books. Kropf, K. (2009). Aspects of urban form. Urban Morphology, 13(2), 105–120. Muratori, S. (1960). Studi per una operante storia urbana di Venezia. Palladio, 1959, 1–113. 22. Porta, S., Romice, O., Maxwell, J. A., Russell, P., & Baird, D. (2014). Alterations in scale: patterns of change in main street networks across time and space. Urban Studies, 51(16), 3383–3400. Watson, V. (2009). “The planned city sweeps the poor away…”: Urban planning and 21st century urbanisation. Progress in Planning, 72(3), 151–193. Whitehand, J. W. R. (2001). Changing suburban landscapes at the microscale. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 92(2), 164–184.

The increasing mass of information confronting a business or an individual have created a demand for information management applications. Time-based information, in particular, is an important part of many information access tasks. This paper explores how to use 3D graphics and interactive animation to design and implement visualizers that improve access to large masses of time-based information. Two new visualizers have been developed for the Information Visualizer: 1) the Spiral Calendar was designed for rapid access to an individual's daily schedule, and 2) the Time Lattice was designed for analyzing the time relationships among the schedules of groups of people. The Spiral Calendar embodies a new 3D graphics technique for integrating detail and context by placing objects in a 3D spiral. It demonstrates that advanced graphics techniques can enhance routine office information tasks. The Time Lattice is formed by aligning a collection of 2D calendars. 2D translucent shadows provide views and interactive access to the resulting complex 3D object. The paper focuses on how these visualizations were developed. The Spiral Calendar, in particular, has gone through an entire cycle of development, including design, implementation, evaluation, revision and reuse. Our experience should prove useful to others developing user interfaces based on advanced graphics.

In this paper, we present the architecture for an open source satellite communication simulator that accurately models communications channels between a ground station and satellite. The simulator is implemented using software defined radio (specifically the GNU Radio framework) which allows for an extremely flexible and customizable system. The simulator provides a low-cost platform for testing satellite communication systems that can be used for multiple different scenarios or use-cases throughout the entire development cycle. Examples include: initial mission planning, satellite and ground systems verification, system research and development, mission training and simulation, and education. It can also be integrated into a larger framework for simulating a mission's command and control structure and/or an entire network of ground stations. The simulator is designed as a module for the GNU Radio framework which allows the end-user to easily customize the toolkit as needed and integrate it into existing frameworks and systems to fit their specific mission objectives. Several flowgraphs are provided that model the communications channel for a satellite in Low Earth Orbit. A simple user interface allows a user to execute these flowgraphs to simulate the pass for a specific satellite. Given the orbital parameters of a satellite, the simulator can model both the uplink and downlink channels for upcoming passes over a specific ground station. The channel flowgraphs themselves model different properties of the communications channel between a satellite and ground station, such as: Doppler shift, path loss, propagation delay, and hardware impairments. Each of these properties is implemented on a per-sample basis within the flowgraph. Different data fitting techniques are used to simulate the channel effect as realistically as possible.

The STPSat-1 spacecraft is a low Earth orbit (LEO), small satellite (total mass: 156 kg) built by AeroAstro, Inc. for the US Air Force Space Test Program. It carries two payloads: The Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER) and the Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS). The satellite bus and its payloads were designed for a 13 month mission. After the successful completion of the one year nominal mission, the payload teams desired to continue satellite operations for at least an additional year to achieve additional scientific objectives. To meet this new mission goal within the available, but limited, funding, Tiger Innovations successfully designed, built, and integrated an automated ground system solution for a low-cost mission extension. Automating a LEO ground station presents a number of unique challenges, including equipment setup, health and safety monitoring, payload interfaces, and anomaly reporting and resolution. The successful STPSat-1 mission extension serves as a powerful demonstration of the tools and procedures necessary to operate comparable future missions in the same manner. Moreover, the entire development cycle from concept to on-orbit commanding was accomplished in less than 6 weeks. Such aggressive schedules are particularly important for operationally-responsive space missions.

In order to identify less expensive food source for the mass breeding of spined soldier bug, the larvae of three species of Dipteran insects were tested: the black soldier fly - Hermetia illucens L., the common green bottle fly - Lucilia sericata Meigen and the midge - Chironomus plumosus L.. We also undertook the comparison with the traditional food - caterpillars of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella L. The experiments were carried out in two ways: feeding during the entire development cycle and only at the larval stage, i.e. to feed the nymphs, while the imago of the predator was fed with the caterpillars of G. mellonella. Comparison of a number of the development indicators and reproductive potential showed that the larvae of the midge and the black soldier fly are not suitable for the mass breeding of the spined soldier bug, because most indicators of the development and reproductive potential of the predatory bug are greatly decreased. The most acceptable option for replacing the G. mellonella caterpillars as alternative food is the larvae of the common green bottle fly. In this case the survival of nymphs and the lifespan of adults also decreases, but the duration of nymphs development slightly increases.

Operational requirements are qualities which influence a software system's entire development cycle. The investigation reported here concentrated on three of the most important operational requirements: reliability via fault tolerance, growth, and availability. Accommodation of these requirements is based on an approach to functional decomposition involving representation in terms of potentiafly independent processors, called virtual machines. Functional requirements may be accommodated through hierarchical decomposition of virtual machines, while performance requirements may be associated with individual virtual machines. Virtual machines may then be mapped to a representation of a confilguration of physical resources, so that performance requirements may be reconciled with available performance characteristics.

The Company manufactures high precision tooling for the screw fastener industry. The product mix includes wire drawing dies, thread rolling dies, cold head forming punches and associated tooling. Their customers are mainly in the aerospace and automotive manufacturing industries.<br><br> The purpose of this paper is to present the development of a CIM System for this manufacturing environment.<br><br> The entire development cycle is evaluated and the key design decision making process is reviewed. The system implementation is examined with special emphasis on the task of: (i) acquiring a knowledge of the organisation (ii) accessing the manufacturing experience within work-force and (iii) effectively structuring this into a Computer Integrated Manufacturing System.<br><br> The short and long term problems/benefits of the project are presented and conclusions drawn from the experience of implementing this complex system.

Automobiles are highly interconnected mechatronic systems. Over the last years, the software of these systems has played an increasingly important role in the value chain. Current production vehicles contain more than 80 electronic control units (ECUs) with over one hundred million lines of software code. Advanced driver assistance systems and functions for autonomous driving will further increase the requirements for the E/E systems. Furthermore, these systems will become even more complex due to the use of sensors to capture the vehicle environment, the interconnection of the ECU functions, and the influence of external communication. This paper outlines an ECU test process example in which an advanced driver assistance function is tested on a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test system. The necessary process steps and interdependencies to ISO 26262 are identified. The paper also explains how to simulate an ideal test process under consideration of the version and variant flows, and how to use different validation systems to perform different validation steps throughout the development process. The paper aims to analyze the various questions arising in the E/E validation process to identify the advantages the users have throughout the entire development cycle.