Revealing patterns in reducing the fire-hazardous properties of insulation made from plant raw materials

Abstract

An issue related to the use of hemp bundle insulation for building structures is to ensure their fire resistance under the action of a low-calorie ignition source. Therefore, the object of research was the change in the properties of the insulation during fire protection with its compositions capable of forming a layer of pinocoke under the influence of high temperature. On the basis of experimental data, it was established that at fire protection of insulation with a fire retardant agent, hydrolytic stable ethers containing phosphorus and nitrogen atoms are formed on the surface of the fibers. According to the temperature values and the shape of peaks on the DTA curve, it was established that at fire protection, the height of the peaks decreases and the width increases, which characterize the flow of exothermic transformations and the destruction of hemp fibers. At the same time, it was established that the formed residue has 13.3 % for impregnation and 26.6 % for coating. It has been proven that in the process of thermal action on the fire-resistant coating, the heat insulation process of the insulation consists in the formation of soot-like products on the surface of the material. So, it was determined that the sample did not catch fire, it was charred in the place of the radiation panel, and the burning was not recorded. On the other hand, for a sample of insulation treated with a coating during thermal action, the formation of a heat-insulating layer of foam coke occurred, which inhibits the penetration of heat, the temperature of flue gases did not exceed 100 °C, and the flammability index was 0. The practical significance is that the results were taken into account when designing buildings and structures. So, there are reasons to assert the possibility of targeted regulation of fire protection processes of insulation by applying coatings that form a protective layer on the surface of the material