Abstract
Introduction. According to the WHO Strategic Plan, five out of six geographical regions were expected to achieve measles elimination by 2020, among which is the Western Pacific Region (WPR), which includes the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (VNM). In 2019, 14 156 measles cases were detected in Vietnam, which significantly exceeds the level required to achieve its elimination (less than 1 case per 1 million population). Analyzing the causes of the ongoing measles virus circulation in diverse global regions is very important. It is also important to assess a potential impact on the measles incidence due to anti-epidemic measures aimed at combating the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is devoted to revealation measles cases in South Vietnam within the period covering January 2020 to March 2021. Materials and methods. 799 samples of blood sera obtained from different territories of South Vietnam in 2020–2021 were examined for IgM antibodies against measles virus using the Anti-Measles Virus ELISA (IgM) test system (Euroimmun, Germany). The presence of IgM measles virus antibodies in the blood serum was assessed as an acute measles infection. Results. The measles virus was actively circulating in South Vietnam in the first months of 2020. Residents of large cities and industrial centers were mainly involved in the epidemic process. Measles spread mainly among unvaccinated (71.58%) subjects, or who was unaware of vaccinations (25.48%), but also among those who were vaccinated (2.12%) and revaccinated (0.64%). The absolute majority of cases (71%) affected children under the age of three, with a predominance of those at the first year of life. Among the latter, 48% were children aged 7-9 months old. In March- April 2020, there was a sharp decrease in the number of measles cases in South Vietnam, down to a sporadic level (from May 2020 to March 2021). This is probably due to the anti-epidemic measures that were carried out in the VNM in order to limit the spread of COVID-19. Consequently, after the restrictions are lifted, we can expect an increase in the measles incidence in VNM.
Highlights
According to the WHO Strategic Plan, five out of six geographical regions were expected to achieve measles elimination by 2020, among which is the Western Pacific Region (WPR), which includes the Social-Для цитирования: Лаврентьева И.Н., Хоанг М., Антипова А.Ю., Бичурина М.А., Тотолян Арег А
Measles spread mainly among unvaccinated (71.58%) subjects, or who was unaware of vaccinations (25.48%), and among those who were vaccinated (2.12%) and revaccinated (0.64%)
Authors: Lavrentieva I.N., PhD, MD (Medicine), Head of the Laboratory of Experimental Virology, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Hoang M., Researcher, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Ho Chi Minh Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Antipova A.Yu., PhD (Biology), Researcher, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Bichurina M.A., PhD, MD (Medicine), Head of the Virological Laboratory of the Measles and Rubella Elimination Center, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; Totolian Areg A., RAS Full Member, PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor,Director of St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Summary
ВЫЯВЛЕНИЕ СЛУЧАЕВ КОРИ ВО ВЬЕТНАМЕ В ПЕРИОД РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ НОВОЙ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ. Пять из шести географических регионов должны были достигнуть элиминации кори. Во Вьетнаме было выявлено 14 156 случаев кори, что существенно превышает уровень, необходимый для достижения элиминации (менее 1 случая на 1 млн населения). Данное исследование посвящено выявлению случаев кори в Южном Вьетнаме с января 2020 по март 2021 г. На IgM-антитела к вирусу кори было исследовано 799 образцов сывороток крови, полученных с разных территорий Южного Вьетнама в 2020–2021 гг. Наличие в сыворотке крови IgM-антител к вирусу кори оценивали как острую коревую инфекцию. Вирус кори активно циркулировал в Южном Вьетнаме в первые месяцы 2020 года. Отмечено резкое снижение количества случаев кори в Южном Вьетнаме, до спорадического уровня (с мая 2020 до марта 2021 г.). Ключевые слова: Южный Вьетнам, корь, возрастные группы, пандемия, COVID-19. Petersburg, Russian Federation b Ho Chi Minh Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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