Retraction notice to “Recent advances in polymer hydrogel nanoarchitectures and applications" [Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 4 (2021) 100143

We are grateful to Environmental Health Perspectives for implicitly embracing green chemistry as a field with profound connections to the environmental health sciences. We also commend the efforts of Wilson and Schwarzman (2009) to create greater transparency and accountability around chemicals of concern. We take issue, however, with their approach to key scientific concepts and terminology—specifically their effort to change the definition of “green chemistry.” Precision in terminology is paramount for science to function; all parties to a scientific discussion must share the same set of definitions for knowledge to advance effectively. In their review, Wilson and Schwarzman (2009) ignored the original and current definition of green chemistry, which for almost two decades has been recognized as a scientific discipline within the field of chemistry. Defined in the early 1990s by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2009) as “the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances,” green chemistry is now guided by a set of 12 principles (Anastas and Warner 1998) that are used in both research and teaching in chemis try laboratories around the world. Based on these principles, dozens of universities around the world teach green chemistry as a science. Seven graduate programs offer degrees in green chemistry. Two established peer-reviewed scientific journals focus specifically on research in green chemistry. The impact factor of the journal Green Chemistry (published by the Royal Society of Chemistry) has increased from 2.5 to almost 5 over the past 5 years. More than 1,500 articles on green chemistry have been published in the scientific literature over the past 15 years. Rather than embracing green chemistry’s widely used scientific definition, Wilson and Schwarzman (2009) instead conflate science and policy: The laws governing the chemical enterprise help define the incentives and disincentives that guide economic behavior in the market …. We use the term green chemistry in this context: as an analytical framework that encompasses both the science of safer chemistry and the laws and policies that will motivate its development and adoption by society. This conflation brings with it two risks. First, it undermines clarity in scientific communication, something that is especially important as the fields of environmental health and green chemistry attempt to establish cross-disciplinary collaboration. Such collaborations are likely to prove vital for both fields. Second, it saddles the intellectual and scientific enterprise of green chemistry with policy and, potentially, political baggage, as considerations of chemical policies unfold in the political arena. We are most certainly not arguing that the science of green chemistry should not inform chemical policies. Science and policy will be more effective, however, if political actors do not muddy accepted scientific terminology in service of a political/policy agenda, no matter how noble.

3 - State-of-the-art of computational green chemistry in leading universities in Russia

Green chemistry is the name of a need, that of encompassing chemistry research and the environmental, safety, health, and societal issues that have been creating unprecedent concerns at a global level. Green chemistry is a modern concept, as the label that represents the entry of chemical sciences in the realm of integrated sustainability studies. To do green chemistry research, we need approaches that take into account the use and availability of resources, as well as the direct or indirect impacts of the applications of new chemistry. Systems thinking is a powerful mindset for addressing the complexity of the interconnections between the traditional and the new aspects of chemistry research. Systems thinking can provide suitable and appropriate conceptual tools for the research, requiring that chemistry teaching provides the necessary familiarity with systemic concepts and practices. In this paper, an emergy (spelled with “m”) perspective is presented as suitable to address the green chemistry didactics toward a systemic conceptual framework, which is now more and more mandatory.

This study analyzes green chemistry research trends in chemistry education. This study used a quantitative bibliometric approach. The number of publications analyzed is 104 publication documents from 2019 – 2024. This research collects, processes, and filters information in Scopus journals and articles. Metadata results show that the distribution of publication frequency peaked in 2019, with 26 documents identified. The green chemistry research area is dominated by chemistry research (31.3%). The country with the most documents and the most productive in publishing green chemistry is the United States, with 30 papers identified. At the same time, Indonesia is ranked fifth as the most productive country in publishing green chemistry, with 10 documents identified. Canada ranked second with 17 papers, and Germany ranked third with 15 documents. The institutions that contributed the most came from Germany: the University of Bremen, with 11 papers 10.58%, and the University of Toronto with 8 documents (7.69%). The authors with the most citations are Chen Tse-Lun et al., with 245 citations. Meanwhile, when viewed from the number of documents published by the author, Eilks I. has 11 papers with a contribution of 4.91%. There are 5 clusters with the most popping keywords: green chemistry, human, and chemical reaction. Research and publications on this topic have been sparse in the past five years. Surveys and analyses of green chemistry literature are essential because tracking research trends in green chemistry in chemistry education is vital to directing the future.

Is there a role for green and sustainable chemistry in chemical disarmament and nonproliferation?

The expanding progression of industrial development has been a pioneer for world economic growth. Green chemistry has been defined as ‘the employment of techniques and methodologies that reduce or eliminate the use or production of feedstocks, products, by-products, solvents, and reagents that are harmful to human health or the environment’. The quality-by-design approach is well-known in the pharmaceutical industry, and it has a great influence on analytical methods and procedures. In the green method of chemistry, the core consideration is directed towards the design of a material or the chemical procedure; four of twelve principles are associated with design, e.g. designing fewer hazardous chemical syntheses, designing harmless chemicals and products, designing for energy effectiveness, and designing for degradation. One of the most active fields of research and development in green chemistry is the establishment of analytical methodologies, leading to the beginning of so-called green analytical chemistry. The influences of green chemistry on pharmaceutical analysis, the environment, the population, the analyst, and companies are discussed in this review, and they are multidimensional. Every selection and analytical attitude affects both the end-product and everything that surrounds it.

Continuing advances in computational chemistry has permitted quantum mechanical calculation to assist in research in green chemistry and to contribute to the greening of chemical practice. Presented here are recent examples illustrating the contribution of computational quantum chemistry to green chemistry, including the possibility of using computation as a green alternative to experiments, but also illustrating contributions to greener catalysis and the search for greener solvents. Examples of applications of computation to ambitious projects for green synthetic chemistry using carbon dioxide are also presented.

Green chemistry is an approach to the design , manufacture and use of chemical products to internationally reduce or eliminate chemical hazards . it focuses on the reduction, recycling/ eliminations of the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals in production processes by finding creative , alternative routes for making the desired products that manimize the impact on the environment sustainable economic growth requires safe, sustainable resources for industrial production . This article describes an introductory account of the basic tanets on which the concept of the green chemistry is based . Green chemistry which is the latest and one of the most researched topic now days has been in demand since 1990's . Majority of research in green chemistry aims to reduce the energy consumption required for the production of desired products whether it may be any drug , dyes and other chemical compound. It aims to reduce or even eliminates the production of any harmful bio-product and maximizing the desired products without compromising with the environment . The goal of green chemistry (GC) is the design (or redesign) of product and manufacturing processes to reduce their impact on human health and the environment. Fundamental to the GC concept is the idea of sustainability _ reducing environment impacts and conserving natural resources for future Green generation . Although many of the principales of green chemistry are not new , the extend to which they have been organized into a coherent approach and the degree to which they are being applied have resulted in an intensified attention on this topic among the academic , industrial , and regulatory communities. The use of toxic, poisonous, hazardous and bio-accumalative chemical substance is reduced or eliminated in green chemistry , which involves the design of chemical processes and product. It is a fresh take on scientifically based environmental protection and in essential to preventing climate change , acid rain , and global warming . It's basic tenet increases efficacy , selectivity , and minimises waste creation , making it a crucial instrument in the fight against pollution

The widespread environmental distribution of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) is well-recognized, and the number of recent studies reflects the continuing interest and high level of research activity on the presence of PPCPs in the environment and food. In order to quantify their low environmental levels, sensitive and selective analytical methodologies are required. Recently, significant effort has gone into determining their concentrations in environmental matrices, with special attention to environment-friendly practices and the development of so-called Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) methods. GAC is one of the most active areas of research and development in Green Chemistry and represents a real challenge for environmental analytical chemists. Its objective is the introduction of new techniques and methodologies able to minimize the environmental and occupational hazards involved in all stages of chemical analysis, allowing faster and more energy-efficient methods without compromising performance criteria. To accomplish the goal of GAC, the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) method was introduced. As a result of the inherent advantages of the QuEChERS having “Green Chemistry” characteristics, the method has expanded rapidly to include the extraction of different groups of contaminants from various matrices and emerged as a green alternative to traditional sample preparation steps. This chapter deals with the application of the QuEChERS approach as a “green” sample preparation technique for determining PPCPs residues in environmental and food matrices and highlights major trends in its development. A brief explanation of the analytical technique used is provided together with a discussion of the experimental features of the studies reviewed.

The acceleration of industrialization was a turning point in the development of the global economy. Social movements have revolutionized green chemistry since the 1940s and brought about changes in industrial positions and sustainable processes with breakthroughs in environmental effect and population and company awareness. The 12 principles of Green Chemistry were proposed by Paul Anastas and John Warner in the 1990s. These principles center on the reduction or elimination of harmful solvents from chemical analyses and processes, as well as the avoidance of residue production. The creation of analytical techniques, which gave rise to the field known as "Green Analytical Chemistry," is one of the most active areas of research and development in green chemistry. This paper describes the multifaceted effects of green chemistry on pharmaceutical analysts, the environment, the public, analysts, and companies. Every decision and mindset have an impact on the finished product as well as everything around it. This work also considers the future of green chemistry, our future, and the environment.

Evolution of green chemistry and its multidimensional impacts: A review

Green chemistry which is the latest and one of the most researched topics now days has been in demand since 1990’s. Majority of research in green chemistry aims to reduce the energy consumption required for the production of desired product whether it may be any drug, dyes and other chemical compounds. It aims to reduce or even eliminates the production of any harmful bi-products and maximizing the desired product without compromising with the environment. The three key developments in green chemistry include use of super critical carbon di oxide as green solvent, aqueous hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent and use of hydrogen in asymmetric synthesis. It also focuses on replacing traditional methods of heating with that of modern methods of heating like microwave radiations so that carbon footprint should be reduces as low as possible. This review emphasize on principle, methodology and recent applications of green chemistry. © 2011 IGJPS. All rights reserved.

Traditional chemistry is undergoing a transition process towards a sustained paradigm shift under the principles of green chemistry. Green chemistry is emerging as a pillar of modern chemistry focused on sustainability. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyse green chemistry research and its contributions using quantity, quality, and structural indicators. For this purpose, data were retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science through a structured search equation for the study period, i.e., 2012 to 2022. These data were compiled and processed in Microsoft Excel version 2307, totalling 2450 records. VOSviewer software, version 1.6.18, was used to map the keyword network and for overlay and density visualisations. The results showed that green chemistry is constantly increasing in different fields of knowledge, with new studies in green solvents, eutectic solvents, and education for sustainable development. The number of publications peaked in 2019, slightly decreasing in subsequent years due to the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As visualised through VOSviewer, the keyword “sustainability” is connected to all clusters, and green synthesis, catalysis, sustainability, curriculum, and higher degrees are leading trends in green chemistry research. The study could benefit researchers and professionals interested in green chemistry and sustainability.

Green chemistry, also known as sustainable or environmentally benign chemistry, has emerged as a critical paradigm shift in the field of chemistry, with the primary objective of designing and implementing chemical processes and products that minimize environmental impacts. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key principles, developments, and impacts of green chemistry. Review begins by discussing the fundamental principles of green chemistry, including the 12 principles established by Anastas and Warner, which serve as a foundational framework for sustainable chemical design. These principles emphasize the importance of waste prevention, the use of renewable feedstocks, and the reduction of toxicity in chemical processes. Subsequently, the review explores the significant developments and innovations in green chemistry, such as the design of more sustainable solvents, catalytic processes, and the application of nanotechnology. Green chemistry has not only led to the development of environmentally friendly alternatives but has also reduced the environmental footprint of established chemical processes. The environmental and societal impacts of green chemistry are discussed, highlighting how the adoption of sustainable practices has led to reduced energy consumption, decreased waste generation, and the mitigation of harmful emissions. The review also emphasizes the role of green chemistry in addressing global challenges, such as climate change and resource depletion. The review concludes by underscoring the importance of continued research and education in green chemistry to further promote its widespread adoption. It highlights the potential for green chemistry to contribute significantly to a sustainable and environmentally conscious future, where chemistry plays a pivotal role in addressing the complex challenges of our time.

This descriptive study conducted a bibliometric analysis to describe research trends in Green Chemistry literature. The secondary data used were 200 scientific publications on Green Chemistry published between 2020 and 2024. The analysis results show that Green Chemistry has a strong interest and a significant number of publications in the world of scientific research. The high average citations per researcher indicate the relevance and significance of the research in the scientific community as well as its relevance to responding to complex environmental and industrial challenges. The high average number of publications per researcher shows the great interest and continuous contribution of researchers in expanding knowledge about green chemistry. This emphasizes the importance of working together, communicating, and committing to sustainable research to address environmental and business issues. Some evidence of the impact and relevance of research in the scientific literature includes high h and g indices and significant average citations per year. Articles on green chemistry continue to attract the attention of the scientific community and make significant contributions to the advancement of our knowledge and understanding of the field. Recent trends show significant interest in elements such as process, leafe, and cooper, indicating the direction of the latest research and developments in green chemistry.