Retraction Note to: Dynamic stability enhancement of interconnected multi-source power systems using hierarchical ANFIS controller-TCSC based on multi-objective PSOs

Abstract

Suppression of the dynamic oscillations of tie-line power exchanges and frequency in the affected interconnected power systems due to loading-condition changes has been assigned as a prominent duty of automatic generation control (AGC). To alleviate the system oscillation resulting from such load changes, implementation of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTSs) can be considered as one of the practical and effective solutions. In this paper, a thyristor-controlled series compensator (TCSC), which is one series type of the FACTS family, is used to augment the overall dynamic performance of a multi-area multi-source interconnected power system. To this end, we have used a hierarchical adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system controller-TCSC (HANFISC-TCSC) to abate the two important issues in multi-area interconnected power systems, i.e., low-frequency oscillations and tie-line power exchange deviations. For this purpose, a multi-objective optimization technique is inevitable. Multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) has been chosen for this optimization problem, owing to its high performance in untangling non-linear objectives. The efficiency of the suggested HANFISC-TCSC has been precisely evaluated and compared with that of the conventional MOPSO-TCSC in two different multi-area interconnected power systems, i.e., two-area hydro-thermal-diesel and three-area hydro-thermal power systems. The simulation results obtained from both power systems have transparently certified the high performance of HANFISC-TCSC compared to the conventional MOPSO-TCSC.