Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive, neuropsychiatric, autonomic, and other nonmotor symptoms. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) at high frequency is now considered the most effective neurosurgical therapy for movement disorders, especially PD. An electrode is chronically implanted in a particular area of the brain and, when continuously stimulated, it significantly alleviates motor symptoms. In Parkinson's disease, the common target nuclei of high frequency stimulation (HFS) are the basal ganglia nuclei, such as the internal segment of the pallidum and the subthalamic nucleus (STN), with a preference for the STN in recent years. Two fundamental mechanisms have been proposed to underlie the beneficial effects of HFS: either silencing or excitation of STN neurons. This article highlights the recent views concerned with the mechanisms of DBS. Although the efficacy of DBS for the motor symptoms of advanced PD is well established, the effects of DBS on the cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms are less clear. The cognitive aspects of DBS for PD have recently been of considerable clinical and pathophysiological interest. This article also reviews the published literature on the cognitive aspects of DBS for PD.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
