Abstract
Resveratrol butyrate esters (RBE) are derivatives of resveratrol (RSV) and butyric acid and exhibit biological activity similar to that of RSV but with higher bioavailability. The aim of this study was designed as an animal experiment to explore the effects of RBE on the serum biochemistry, and fat deposits in the offspring rats exposed to bisphenol A (BPA), along with the growth and decline of gut microbiota. We constructed an animal model of perinatal Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure to observe the effects of RBE supplementation on obesity, blood lipids, and intestinal microbiota in female offspring rats. Perinatal exposure to BPA led to weight gain, lipid accumulation, high levels of blood lipids, and deterioration of intestinal microbiota in female offspring rats. RBE supplementation reduced the weight gain and lipid accumulation caused by BPA, optimised the levels of blood lipids, significantly reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, and increased and decreased the abundance of S24-7 and Lactobacillus, respectively. The analysis of faecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels revealed that BPA exposure increased the faecal concentration of acetate, which could be reduced via RBE supplementation. However, the faecal concentrations of propionate and butyrate were not only significantly lower than that of acetate, but also did not significantly change in response to BPA exposure or RBE supplementation. Hence, RBE can suppress BPA-induced obesity in female offspring rats, and it demonstrates excellent modulatory activity on intestinal microbiota, with potential applications in perinatological research.
Highlights
Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is the most prevalent in the environment [1]
The perinatal exposure to BPA affected their blood biochemical and hormonal compositions with 67%, 16%, 30%, and 25% increases and a 49% decrease in their TG, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), leptin, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, respectively. These negative effects of perinatal exposure to BPA on female offspring rats were reversed via Resveratrol butyrate esters (RBE) supplementation, which prevented obesity and increased blood lipids and relevant hormones in a dose-dependent manner, and reduced these health parameters to the same levels or to even lower levels than those observed in the control group (CN) group
R30 led to an 11% weight gain ((R30/CN) − 1)*100%) and 19% increase in the blood leptin level ((R30/CN) − 1)*100%) in female offspring rats but did not significantly alter their LW and RLW compared to those observed in the CN group
Summary
Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is the most prevalent in the environment [1]. Exposure to BPA during early development has been associated with the prevalence of various cardiometabolic diseases [3] including obesity [4,5], metabolic syndrome [6], type 2 diabetes [5,7], and cardiovascular diseases [5,8]. The studies after oral intake of BPA or high-BPA diet in humans are consistent with animal data, confirming that the internal exposure of unbound BPA is lower after oral exposure, and BPA-gluc is the main metabolite [13,14,15,16,17,18]
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