Abstract
Introduction. Vaccination contributed to reduce the incidence of acute hepatitis B in the territories of the North-West Russia. The urgency of this problem remains due to the high incidence of chronic hepatitis B. This accounted for the need to develop a hepatitis B elimination program in the district discussed that was approved in 2013 by the head of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. Objective is to characterize the results of the program for the elimination of acute hepatitis B virus implemented in the North-Western Federal District. Materials and methods. The 2010–2020 incidence rate of acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the regions of the North-West Russia was carried out. To determine HBV genotypes and subgenotypes, 160 blood plasma samples from patients with acute hepatitis B were studied using molecular genetic methods (PCR, sequencing). The prevalence of latent hepatitis B in various population groups was assessed. The 2016–2020 hepatitis B vaccination coverage and relevant serological monitoring in adults was carried out. Results. While implementing the program, it was found that the incidence rate of acute hepatitis B in the district decreased by 4.5-fold, revealing in 2020 no cases of the disease in 5 regions, with incidence rate in the 6 subfederal units being lower than 1.0 per 100,000 population. Moreover, the incidence rate for chronic hepatitis B decreased by 2.6 times. The 2020 vaccination coverage of children under 17 and adults in all territories comprised more than 95% and 90%, respectively. In addition, it was shown the circulation of genotypes D and A of hepatitis B virus is dominated by genotype D (91.8%), subgenotype D2 (47.8%). The prevalence of latent hepatitis B among migrants was 6.5%, pregnant women — 4.9%, hemodialysis patients — 1.7%. Conclusion. Implementation of the program on elimination of acute viral hepatitis B in the territory of the North-West Russia contributed to raise in the vaccination coverage in adult population and lowered incidence rate of acute and chronic HBV infection.
Highlights
Оригинальные статьиРЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОГРАММЫ ЭЛИМИНАЦИИ ВИРУСНОГО ГЕПАТИТА В НА СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДЕ РОССИИ
Vaccination contributed to reduce the incidence of acute hepatitis B in the territories
The urgency of this problem remains due to the high incidence of chronic hepatitis B. This accounted for the need to develop a hepatitis
Summary
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОГРАММЫ ЭЛИМИНАЦИИ ВИРУСНОГО ГЕПАТИТА В НА СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДЕ РОССИИ. Вакцинация способствовала снижению заболеваемости острым гепатитом В на территориях Северо-Запада России. Это определило необходимость разработки в Северо-Западном федеральном округе программы элиминации гепатита В, которая была утверждена руководителем Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека в 2013 г. Цель исследования — охарактеризовать результаты реализации программы элиминации острого вирусного гепатита В на территории СЗФО. Проведен анализ заболеваемости острым и хроническим гепатитом В в регионах Северо-Запада России в 2010–2020 гг. Для цитирования: Лялина Л.В., Эсауленко Е.В., Хорькова Е.В., Новак К.Е., Останкова Ю.В., Серикова Е.Н., Васильев Д.В., Горзий Е.С., Буцкая М.Ю., Крицкая И.В., Буц Л.В., Гребенкина Е.В., Байдакова Е.В., Смирнова Н.А., Красноперова М.А., Кольцов Н.С., Котович Л.М., Калинина Е.Л., Галимов Р.Р., Кирхар Н.В., Черепанова Е.А., Тотолян Арег А. Результаты реализации программы элиминации вирусного гепатита В на CевероЗападе России // Инфекция и иммунитет.
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