Restructuring of the state-market relations in Turkey: an analysis of infrastructure failures in the transportation sector

The presented study examines public-private partnership with respect to investments in the Russian infrastructure.Aim. The study aims to assess the feasibility of using public-private partnership for investments in the country’s transport infrastructure.Tasks. The author examines the projected investments in the Russian transport infrastructure, determines the segment of the transport infrastructure that needs the most investment, and analyzes the possible applications of public-private partnership for investments in transport infrastructure. The task is to examine the existing legal framework for the implementation of public-private partnership in the investments in transport infrastructure.Methods. The study uses such methods as analysis, synthesis, and comparison.Results. The author identifies the major directions for investments in transport infrastructure, determines the priority area in the implementation of public-private partnership in infrastructure — transport infrastructure, in which roads are the main area for the application of public-private partnership. The types of implementation of public-private partnership for the construction of roads are examined.Conclusions. It is established that there is an increasing need to apply public-private partnership to the development of the country’s infrastructure and its transport sector, and the major mechanisms for the implementation of public-private partnership in the construction of roads are revealed.

Background: Service delivery is the core business of any government around the world, especially in developing economies. The government uses various public procurement legislation that govern how public services are procured. The current procurement legislation to acquire goods, works and services for the public at large are said to be ineffective and inefficient, hindering the accelerated provision of public services.Aim: This article aimed to ascertain the degree to which public sector procurement processes can be modelled to that of the private sector to improve service delivery.Setting: Several studies have revealed a stagnating nature of service delivery in government entities when it comes to the methods used to procure public services in South Africa. The private sector also does procurement successfully; however, it is slightly different as it is not governed by rigid public procurement legislation causing unnecessary red tapes. The red tapes that are sometimes impeding the accelerated service delivery are a major cause for concern if the government was to improve service delivery at a faster and unhindered pace.Methods: The research was qualitative in nature and used unobtrusive research methods focusing on a literature review technique. The research entailed a robust examination of the existing literature and trends analysis in the field of public procurement and private sector procurement.Results: The article revealed that there are several shortcomings in the form of red tapes that the public sector procurement is currently experiencing, which can be mitigated by adopting some of the private sector operational processes. Of course, this might require a total overhaul of the current public procurement processes including some legislation in an attempt to boost service delivery. Such red tapes include inflexibility of government procurement processes to allow for innovations, long-term supplier relationships and effective communication on future government plans. As such, some of these red tapes have a huge impact on improving service delivery, especially if fraud and corruption are involved; some processes are counterproductive and they end up allowing inexperienced suppliers to be chosen who fail to deliver.Conclusion: Public procurement process in South Africa urgently needs an overhaul to adopt some of the best practices used in private sector procurement operations to improve service delivery. This is because most public resources do not yield value for money because of rigid and stifling public procurement processes.

Due to its complexity and a series of interdependent activities, public construction procurement (PCP) is often prone to problems such as cost overruns, time overruns, quality compromises and fraud and corruption. These problems ultimately lead to disputes challenging value for money (VFM), which is anticipated particularly in public construction projects. The success of public construction projects ensures VFM, and it is heavily dependent on the competencies of professionals involved in the procurement process. It was revealed that limited research has been conducted, shedding light upon the competencies required by the professionals in the procurement team specifically for the public construction procurement process. Therefore, the research aimed to explore competencies required by professionals, such as Quantity Surveyors, Engineers, and Architects, who are engaged in the procurement team in the public construction procurement process. The research is conducted with a particular focus on laying the foundation to explore these competencies to overcome the identified problems. Accordingly, a comprehensive literature review was conducted. The findings revealed 14 problems in the public procurement process (PPP), and the competencies expected from the leading professionals in the procurement team, including Engineers, Architects, and Quantity Surveyors, were detailed and analysed according to the competency requirements of the selected professional institutes. The findings suggest that procurement professionals must possess a robust understanding of legal, financial, and technical aspects, alongside strong communication and negotiation skills, to navigate the complexities of public construction procurement. The findings of this research will contribute to minimising disputes and improving the efficiency of public construction procurement processes.

We introduce and study in this paper the policy design improvement regarding the public procurement process for public management innovation. Public procurement is obtained transparently and efficiently at the exact cost of goods, constructions, services, among others. In addition, it has decreased the national budget and supported the national economic development. Most of the major contributions of public procurement included support for small businesses, jobs, and balanced regional development. Nevertheless, a lot of issues have become apparent during the public procurement process, thus requiring preventive measures. The aim of this study is to demonstrate an enhanced public procurement process and develop efficient policies in the future. For this reason, we investigated the issues regarding South Korea’s public procurement process, and concentrated on policy improvement. It is our intention to provide a highly efficient global public procurement process that can be used as an academic paper that will help in developing South Korea’s public procurement process and policy direction.

This paper explores the challenges associated with public procurement processes in the Czech Republic, as well as globally. In particular, it focuses on small-scale construction projects in the education sector and the problems associated with them, including policy making, pricing, efficiency, and the length of the procurement process. The paper also examines the risks associated with public procurement in the construction industry and how these risks can be managed through risk management. Moreover, it analyses the specific problems in the education sector, including imbalanced contractual conditions and unfair arrangements, which often shift the responsibility for risk aftermath to contractors. To gain insight into these issues, a research questionnaire was conducted among construction companies participating in the public procurement process. Based on the questionnaire results and a comparison between public and private procurement processes in the Czech Republic and Germany, the paper identifies flaws in the system and proposes potential solutions. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for small changes to be implemented to improve the system, even though corruption remains a major issue that needs to be addressed. Overall, this paper provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders on how to address the issues surrounding public procurement in the education sector in the Czech Republic and beyond.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed unprecedented public healthcare procurement challenges. The objective of this review was to identify and characterise the scope of the literature on public procurement strategies for healthcare supplies during the COVID-19 pandemic (2019–2023) in relation to the public procurement contexts, systems, and processes and methods (the public procurement ecosystem) worldwide. Methods: We performed a scoping review of governmental strategies for the procurement of medical equipment, personal protective equipment (PPE), or medications related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Extracted data were mapped to the fields of the public procurement ecosystem. We used inductive thematic analysis to derive within-field themes, and subsequently, cross-cutting themes through which we structured a narrative synthesis. Results: 1909 unique studies were identified through a systematic search, of which 89 met the inclusion criteria. One hundred and ten themes were derived from the extracted data within the 21 fields of the public procurement ecosystem, and from these, 10 cross-cutting themes were identified which served to structure the narrative synthesis. It was clear in this literature that the scale and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic required governments to act well outside of the public procurement processes and methods themselves, to procure and distribute the required supplies. Notwithstanding the significant attention to contextual and system-level responses, there were significant responses at the procurement process and methods level, including rapid and temporary expedited procurement processes and longer-term strategic procurement responses.Conclusion: This scoping review of public procurement strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated a focus of the literature not only on the public procurement processes and methods themselves, but also on governmental actions to adapt both structures of public procurement systems and conditions within broader environmental contexts to facilitate procurement goals.

Corruption finds room for its proliferation precisely where there is extensive, opaque and little controllable regulation by the state. In this context, it is the role of the rule of law to apply the principles of legal (enforceability) accountability in the context of corrupt behaviour and the drawing of consequences. The level of rule of law in this area affects the risk of corruption in public service procurement processes. The main goal of the study is to demonstrate the problem of corruption as the threat of the rule of law by the results of qualitative analysis of the legal framework defining corruption and of the methods of public procurement used by us in the contracting out of local public services in Slovak republic. The study answers research question on impact of legal accountability with implications for the risk of corruption on the methods of public procurement of public services. Data qualitative analysis is descriptive in nature. The real enforceability of legal responsibility for corrupt acts against public officials is very low in Slovakia. The quality of this legal framework has real impact on risk of corruption in public procurement processes, which can be identified by often using the direct purchase as the method of public procurement. Public organizations do not always proceed in accordance with applicable legislation, at least in accordance with its ethics and essential principles of public procurement. This problem reflects the proposed system's changes in public procurement in contracting out public services, which should eliminate the risk of corruption at the level of formal and informal rules.

Due to the scope of procurement in the public sector, public procurement policy has the potential to shape the behavior of market actors and promote the growth of businesses with socially relevant characteristics. This chapter looks at the public procurement process in South Korea as well as the implementation of the country’s e-procurement system. Public procurement is vulnerable to corruption in various ways, and Korea’s KONEPS e-procurement system has reduced corruption in the procurement process by increasing transparency, the persistence of data, and the probability of detecting irregularities. Second, this chapter explores how Korea has increasingly incorporated sustainable procurement principles into procurement policy, attempting to foster innovative and environmentally friendly companies, as well as those led by individuals belonging to socially disadvantaged groups. The chapter concludes with a discussion of some of the historical and organizational factors underlying Korea’s successes in public procurement in order to better understand the extent to which currently developing countries can draw upon the Korean case to improve their own procurement policies.

Despite increasing awareness, food loss and waste in food supply chains remains a significant challenge resulting in environmental risks and ethical concerns, shaped by the conflicting logics of abundance and scarcity. Systemic overproduction, driven by high-quality demands and the perishability of fresh food, underscores the need for new approaches to food procurement. This article explores the relationship between public procurement processes and significant loss of fresh fruit and vegetables in Denmark. Two major Danish wholesalers and Copenhagen municipality’s food procurement agency formed the empirical basis for an ethnographic study undertaken between 2020 and 2023. The study involved participant observation at the wholesalers, semi-structured interviews, and informal conversations with a broad range of actors across the public food procurement chain. Findings revealed that the food quality requirements that guide everyday practices of quality assessment, both contractually and culturally, are being pushed to the limits of what growing seasons, shelf-life characteristics and distribution systems can accommodate. This results in practices where food produce that is still usable is thrown away. This article emphasizes the need for novel understandings of quality parameters in order to (re)design structures in the public food procurement process so that reducing food loss can be adopted as a regulatory tool within procurement contracts.

The efficiency of the public finance system is conditioned also by the efficiency of public procurement processes. The Slovak healthcare system has been under pressure to increase long-term efficiency. With respect to achieve the efficiency in healthcare system, the efficient public procurement is necessary condition. It is important to examine the factors influencing the public procurement system in the health sector as well as the causal relationships that would provide a valuable platform for the evaluation mechanisms aimed at the effectiveness of the planned purchases. The healthcare sector is specific because it is difficult to consider the effectiveness of the medical equipment in public procurement as well as its long-term effects, the total cost of the treatment and the individual requirements of the patient. The aim of the study is to clarify, whether the use of GPA impact the occurrence of savings within the public procurement process and if application of GPA induces the competition among tenders, thus whether the use of GPA increase number of offers. We use data on public procurement in healthcare sector in Slovak republic in 2019. The focus of analysis is on the Agreement on Government Procurement use by Slovak public procurement bodies and its impact on competition and creation of savings in public procurement process. Our findings suggest that the use of Agreement on Government Procurement induce emergence of savings in public procurement and increases the level of competition. Analysis also indicates that there exists relatively tight correspondence between competition and emergence of savings within public procurement process. It holds that higher the number of offers is, the higher savings are.

Conducting a public procurement process is prone to conflict if it deviates from procurement principles. Based on Presidential Regulation number 16 of 2018, the public procurement principles are efficient, effective, transparent, open, competitive, fair, and accountable. Problems in public procurement process may occur at every stage, starting from identifying procurement needs to delivering the results of the completed work. Many problems are likely to occur if risk identification is not implemented at public procurement process. If the risk is not identified early, it will be a potentially significant budget loss of government’s construction projects. This paper is an initial research to discover the risk variables in the public procurement process. The purpose of this study is to identify risks that may arise in the process of public procurement. Research variables in this study were obtained from related literature studies. The data in this study were acquired from questionnaires and interviews with several parties related with the public procurement. Mean and Standard Deviation (SD) were employed to assess the relevant variables from questionnaires. According to the experts’ opinion, there were 13 variables in the Planning and Preparation Stages and 9 variables in the Implementation Stage.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the incorporation of environmental sustainability criteria in public procurement processes, aiming to assess the impact of these criteria on the effectiveness of procurements under the New Public Procurement and Contracting Law. Theoretical Framework: The research is based on concepts of environmental sustainability and sustainable public procurement. Theories of sustainable development and principles of sustainability in public administration are highlighted, providing a solid foundation for the analysis. Method: The methodology adopted for this research includes a qualitative approach, using the deductive method. Data collection was conducted through a critical analysis of bibliographic materials indexed on platforms evaluated by Capes, as well as legislative documents and relevant doctrines on the subject. Results and Discussion: The results indicate that the New Public Procurement and Contracting Law presents significant advances in integrating sustainability into public procurement processes through the explicit inclusion of environmental sustainability criteria. However, the effective implementation of these criteria faces important challenges, mainly related to the training of public agents and the adaptation of existing structures to new demands. The discussion contextualizes these results in light of the theoretical framework, highlighting the identified implications and relationships. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of public procurement. These implications encompass areas such as public policies, professional training, and sustainable development. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the relevance of the New Public Procurement and Contracting Law in promoting sustainable practices in public procurement. The originality of the research lies in the critical analysis of the challenges and advances provided by the new legislation, highlighting its potential impact on sustainable development.

At present, public procurement processes and their efficiency represent one of the key determinants of public finance system. Many countries of the European Union work intensively on reforming public procurement processes. The main aim of public procurement is to create an open competition in order to achieve the most efficient use of public funds. The Slovak hospitals, that have been inefficiently managed in the long run, are the weakest segment of the healthcare system. Also, the public hospitals continue to generate substantial losses even if many reforms had been implemented to increase cost efficiency. However, medical debt consolidation did not help the hospitals to set optimal functioning of the economic processes in order to improve their management permanently. The primary aim of the study is to examine an impact of selected determinants on an efficiency of public procurement processes in the healthcare system of the Slovak Republic during the 2014 – 2017. The data were obtained from the registers of the Public Procurement Office of the Slovak Republic. The multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the following findings: in case of zero, or positive savings, the number of offers, year of public procurement, type of public procurement procedure, NUTS level of procurement and participation of a subcontractor in procurement process are significant categorical variables. The study results enable a creation of multi-dimensional analyses and support models in order to make effective public procurement processes in the healthcare system. Similarly, these results enable to create comparative benchmarking analyses, and may lead to a creation of new agencies and institutions.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate four dimensions of how to integrate quality in the public procurement process from three perspectives. The study was carried out in the public transportation industry where service provision has been outsourced.Design/methodology/approachAn explorative case study was carried out using two data collection methods. The first involved a document study that considered the integration of quality in the public procurement process. This led to the second method, which involved conducting in‐depth interviews to follow up on the procurement and the role of quality with the participants.FindingsThe findings provide insights into how quality can be included in the public procurement process and, in particular, how self‐assessment can be used to evaluate the “best quality practice”. The quality maturity of the industry also has an influence on three dimensions: the choice of quality model, the weighting between price and quality and how the tenders perform their self‐assessments.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focuses on one case and presents explorative findings. This has implications for future research, for which the set of procurement decisions regarding the integration of quality must be analysed.Practical implicationsThe integration of quality in the public procurement process involves choosing a future business partner according to the “best quality practice”, not just the lowest price. Including quality in the public procurement process can help facilitate the delivery of high‐quality services to customers when service provision has been outsourced.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the service quality literature by empirically investigating how quality can be integrated in the public procurement process, which is a prerequisite for contracting a desired service supplier.

The public procurement system aims to model the efficient and rational use of budgetary funds to meet public sector needs. Before the adoption of the Public Procurement Law of 2014, which aligns closely with EU acquis, public procurement in Bosnia and Herzegovina was regulated at four levels of government, resulting in a highly complex system. One key principle guaranteed by the Public Procurement Law is fair and active competition, which intersects with the Law on Competition in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Law on Competition regulates the rules, measures, and methods for protecting market competition and outlines the jurisdiction and operations of the Competition Council, which is responsible for promoting and safeguarding market competition. This law further ensures the application of fair and active competition principles. This paper addresses the regulation of bid-rigging in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s public procurement process and investigates whether contracting authorities have encountered bidder behaviors that could indicate bid-rigging, in the context of competition law. To achieve this, the paper is structured into three parts: The first part provides theoretical insights essential for understanding the issue, including international approaches to combating bid-rigging. The second part outlines the regulatory framework for bid-rigging in public procurement within Bosnia and Herzegovina and highlights the significance of public procurement in the country. The third part presents the findings from the research conducted. Based on these findings, the paper offers recommendations for improving the public procurement system in Bosnia and Herzegovina, aiming to eliminate or reduce opportunities for bid-rigging.