Abstract
The practices of tin mining which removing all layers of soil on deposits of minerals caused the seriously environmental problems, i.e degradation of physical and chemical soil, disappearance of vegetation, flora and fauna in ecosystems that changed the microclimate. In the tailings area of tin mining have unstable structure, the content of organic matter is very low, so it is vulnerable to land slides and erosion. The characteristic of tailing area that very acid, low nutrient availability, low water storage and high soil temperature are constraints in the conservation and improvement this area. The aim of this research was found conservation technology to improve the properties of soil on Tin mining land due to human activities that cause environmental damage both micro and macro so determination of plant species and specific location technology can be done based on characterization and potential evaluation soil resources. Annual crop cultivation and cultivation of legume cover crop (Mucuna sp., Long-lived, Calopogonium sp., Peuraria javanica) and management of top soil and organic matter are a must, in addition to improve soil structure, maintaining soil moisture, as well as to reduce the loss nutrients, as in textured rough soil (sandy) nutrients in soil are easily washed.Keywords: Characteristic soil, improvement, tailing area, tin mining
Highlights
The restoration and improvement of post tin mining land within the area of production forest of Bangka Belitung Islands Province would be conducted by PT Tambang Timah
The results showed that the bulk density of topsoils is 1.51-2.60 g cm-3 with a total porosity ranging from 28.17% up to 35.67%, and the aeration pores are 8.99-16.97% (Table 1)
The restoration of the soils/planting media in the post tin mining land in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands can include, among others, improvement of pH by liming, application of organic fertilizers to increase soil organic-C content, application of zeolite amides, and N, P, K fertilizers according to the needs of plants grown on the restored lands
Summary
The restoration and improvement of post tin mining land within the area of production forest of Bangka Belitung Islands Province would be conducted by PT Tambang Timah. 74 post tin mining areas covering 60,000 ha of land (Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Belitung 2009) that need to be identified and restored, so that the data of land characteristics before and after exploitation of tin mining are needed. I Yuarsah et al.: Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Abandoned Tin Mining techniques that can accelerate the improvement of degraded land. Mining activities can be performed on the ground (open pit mining) and underground (deep mining) including excavation, dredging, and suctioning that cause the pile of hills and large pits filled with water. Environmental degradation is an action that results in a direct change to the physical and/or biological of the environment, resulting in an inefficient or nonfunctioning environment in supporting sustainable development (Law No 4 of 1982)
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