Abstract
We analyzed topology of brain functional networks in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients without mild cognitive impairment. We recruited T2DM patients without mild cognitive impairment (4 males and 8 females) and healthy control subjects (8 males and 16 females) to undergo cognitive testing and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Graph theoretical analysis of functional brain networks revealed abnormal small-world architecture in T2DM patients as compared to control subjects. The functional brain networks of T2DM patients showed increased path length, decreased global efficiency and disrupted long-distance connections. Moreover, reduced nodal characteristics were distributed in the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes, while increased nodal characteristics were distributed in the frontal, occipital lobes, and basal ganglia in the T2DM patients. The disrupted topological properties correlated with cognitive performance of T2DM patients. These findings demonstrate altered topological organization of functional brain networks in T2DM patients without mild cognitive impairment.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global public health challenge that affected 415 million people worldwide in 2015 and 113.9 million Chinese in 2013 [1, 2]
type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which is a transitional state between normal aging and dementia [3,4,5]
The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), clinical dementia rating (CDR) and auditory verbal learning test (AVLT) scores analyzing cognitive parameters were similar for both groups (Table 1)
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global public health challenge that affected 415 million people worldwide in 2015 and 113.9 million Chinese in 2013 [1, 2]. T2DM patients with MCI show impaired functional connectivity in default mode network (DMN) [8, 9] and changed amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe and amygdale [10,11,12]. These aberrant brain function patterns are closely associated with impaired cognitive performance [10, 11]. Constructing the whole brain connectome is critical to understanding the underlying mechanisms of cognitive function and related disorders
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