Abstract
Photosynthesis is highly sensitive to high temperature stress, and with the rising global temperature, it is meaningful to investigate the response of photosynthesis to growth temperature and its relationship with leaf anatomy plasticity. We planted 21 cultivars including eight indica cultivars, eight japonica cultivars, and five javanica cultivars in pot experiments under high growth temperature (HT, 38/28°C, day/night) and control treatment (CK, 30/28°C, day/night). Photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), stomatal density (SD), vein density (VD), minor vein area (SVA), and major vein area (LVA) were measured after 30 treatment days. Results showed HT significantly increased A, gs, and E, while significantly decreased SD and LVA. There was no significant difference in A among the three subspecies both under CK and HT, while the javanica subspecies had higher gs, E, SVA, and LVA under HT, and the indica cultivars had higher VD and SD both under CK and HT. The javanica subspecies had higher relative value (HT/CK) of A, gs, and E, while difference was not observed in the relative value of SD, VD, and LVA among the three subspecies. The relative value of A was positively related to that of gs, while the latter was not correlated with the relative value of SD, VD, SVA, and LVA. Overall, the results suggested the increase of A and gs at HT was not attributed to leaf anatomy plasticity in respect of stomata and vein under HT.
Highlights
Rice is a stable food for more than half of the global population (Khush, 2013)
The results suggested the increase of A and gs at High growth temperature (HT) was not attributed to leaf anatomy plasticity in respect of stomata and vein under HT
There was no significant difference in E among the three subspecies at CK, while E of javanica cultivars was significantly higher than that of japonica cultivars and indica cultivars had the lowest value (Figure 1C)
Summary
Rice is a stable food for more than half of the global population (Khush, 2013). China is the top rice producer in the world, accounting for almost 30% of the global rice production (Tang et al, 2014). After a remarkable 86% increase in cereal production from 1980 to 2005, recent crop yield growth in China has been slow (Huang and Rozelle, 2015). Yield potential of grain crop is defined as the grain yield obtained under optimum conditions without pests, diseases, weeds, and other stresses (Evans and Fischer, 1999). It is determined by the following factors, i.e. the total incident solar radiation on the land throughout the growing season, the light interception efficiency of plant canopy, the photosynthetic conversion efficiency of leaves and the harvest index (Monteith, 1977). It is more effective to increase crop yield by increasing photosynthetic capacity, which is known as the new ‘green revolution' (Zhu et al, 2010; Long et al, 2015)
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