Abstract

espanolEste trabajo pretende analizar la respuesta de la comunidad de diatomeas epiliticas a gradientes ambientales en rios brasilenos templados subtropicales, con el objetivo de contribuir al desarrollo de una metodologia ampliamente aplicable para la monitorizacion de la calidad del agua. Diversas muestras para determinaciones fisicas, quimicas y biologicas fueron recogidas mensualmente, de diciembre de 2001 a noviembre de 2002, y de marzo de 2003 afebrero de 2004, en nueve esta­ciones de muestre o distribuidas a lo largo de los rios Pardo y Pardinho, localizados en la Cuenca Hidrografica del Rio Pardo, Estado del Rio Grande del Sur; Brasil. Variables fisicas y quimicas (temperatura del agua, pH, oxigeno disuelto, demanda bioquimica de oxigeno, demanda quimica de oxigeno, nitratos, nitritos, fosfato y solidos totales disueltos) y biologicas (co­munidad de diatomeas epiliticas) fueron usadas como parametros para evaluar la calidad del agua. El conjunto de datos fue analizado por medio de una ordenacion multivariante usando el Analisis de Correspondencias sin Tendencias (DCA). En total, 270 taxones fueron identificados a nivel especifico o infra-especifico. Los resultados indicaron que, entre todas las variables fisicas y quimicas usadas, el principal gradiente establecido a lo largo del primer eje DCA fue la eutrojizacion, senalada por su correlacion significativa con la concentracion de fosfatos (p EnglishThis work aims to analyse the response of epilithic diatom communities to enviranmental gradients in subtropical temperate southern Brazilian rivers to contribute to the development of a widely applicable methodology for water-quality monitoring. Samples for physical, chemical and biological determination were collected monthly, fram December 2001 to November 2002 and fram March 2003 to February 2004, at 9 stations along the rivers Pardo and Pardinho in the hydrographical basin of Rio Pardo, State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Physical and chemical variables (water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates and total dissolved solids) and biological variables (epilithic diatom communities) were used as parameters for water-quality assessment. The data matrix was examined by means of a multivariate ordination using Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA). In total, 270 taxa were identified to specific or infra-specific levels. The results showed that of all the physical and chemical variables used, the main gradient along the DCA first axis was eutraphication, which was indicated by its significant correlation with phosphates (p Key words: Diatoms, eutrophication, biomonitoring, southern Brazilian rivers.

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