Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum addition of calcium during the adaptation period of white shrimp seed in low salinity media, so the physiological conditions of shrimp still support maximally survival and growth. The research was carried out by using the Completely Randomized Design, i.e., the addition of calcium in freshwater for decreasing water salinity from 20 g L-1 to 0.5 g L-1 as much as 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 mg L-1, respectively. The freshwater used in the salinity reduction process was based on previous research that included sodium and potassium additions of 75 mg L-1 and 50 mg L-1, respectively. The test animal was a white shrimp stadium PL15 that had been acclimated for 5 days to a medium salinity of 20 g L-1. The results of this study showed that the addition of 300 mg L-1- calcium in freshwater during the adaptation for 96 hours significantly accelerate the achievement of molting time (1360 minutes), suppress the stress levels and metabolism rate (body fluid glucose of 169.80 mg L-1 and oxygen consumption level of 0.95 mg O2 g-1 h-1), and produce the highest survival rate of white shrimp seed (99%).Keywords: adaptation, calcium, low salinity, physiology, white shrimp
Highlights
Teknologi budidaya udang vaname di media bersalinitas rendah dan di air tawar terus berkembang dan terintegrasi dengan berbagai komoditas pertanian lainnya (Roy et al 2010; Mariscal-Lagarda et al 2014)
The results of this study showed that the addition of 300 mg L-1- calcium in freshwater during the adaptation for 96 hours significantly accelerate the achievement of moulting time (1360 minutes), suppress the stress levels and metabolism rate (body fluid glucose of 169.80 mg L-1 and oxygen consumption level of 0.95 mg O2 g-1 h-1), and produce the highest survival rate of white shrimp seed (99%)
Physiological responses of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei to temperature fluctuation in low-salinity water
Summary
Kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan benur udang vaname sangat ditentukan dari kondisi lingkungannya, terutama saat dibudidayakan di salinitas rendah. Ketersediaan mineral penting yang dibutuhkan untuk menunjang proses fisiologis udang secara normal akan semakin terbatas dengan menurunnya salinitas media budidaya. Salah satu mineral penting di perairan yang sangat dibutuhkan golongan krustase untuk proses klasifikasi selama masa pertumbuhannya ialah kalsium. Kebutuhan kalsium benur udang vaname saat diadaptasikan di salinitas rendah belum dirumuskan dengan lengkap, karena hingga saat ini metode adaptasi yang dikembangkan sangat bervariasi. Pengembangan metode adaptasi benur udang vaname di salinitas rendah dengan penambahan kalsium yang sesuai merupakan salah satu alternatif solusi yang perlu dikaji dengan berbagai pengujian ilmiah sehingga teknologi tepat guna yang dihasilkan telah diformulasikan dengan baik dan dapat diaplikasikan dengan standar prosedur operasional yang baik dan benar
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