Abstract

Resonators and filters have engineered radio-frequency (RF) spectrums and dispersions, which induce slow waves for increased local RF field intensities and prolonged field propagations. When used for sensors, the interactions between RF waves and material-under-test (MUT) can be significantly strengthened due to enhanced RF fields and longer interaction time when compared with uniform transmission lines. In this paper, a microstrip resonator (MR) and a coupled line (CL) filter are designed and incorporated into an interferometer. The obtained results are compared with that of a coplanar waveguide-based interferometer. Both simulated and measured results show that the MR and CL can significantly enhance RF interferometer sensitivity, e.g., by >5 times of frequency shift and up to 40-dB more of transmission coefficient change similar to 2 GHz. Further work is needed to fully understand the physical processes and obtain quantitative MUT permittivity properties from the measured scattering parameters.

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