Abstract
Resonance ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) is a powerful method for measuring elastic constants (Cijkl) of solids. It can be applied to determine the piezoelectric coefficients (eijk) as well, because they also affect the mechanical resonance frequencies. Precise frequency measurements in vacuum and unambiguous mode identification with laser-Doppler interferometry allowed us to determine Cijkl and eijk simultaneously for crystals including alpha quartz, which shows low piezoelectricity. We further developed a noncontact excitation and detection method with antennas through electromagnetic fields and study internal friction and carrier mobility of quartz, langasite, and GaN at elevated temperatures up to ~1200 K. This method is also successfully applied to developing ultrahigh-sensitive biosensors for diagnosis.
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