Abstract
The currently used safety factors for concrete buildings do not reflect current levels of quality control, refined knowledge of variabilities as established by recent studies, load-resistance correlation in the tension failure of columns, and so on. Revision of load combination methods can also achieve more consistent reliability. The primary objective of this investigation is to develop an optimum set of load and resistance factors for the design of reinforced concrete buildings in Canada. The companion-action load factor format is selected because it models real load combinations more accurately than the probability factor format that is used in the National Building Code of Canada and CSA Standard A23.3-94. The reliability analysis is based on a variable limit state equation developed by combining the true limit state, where the structure is about to fail, and the design limit state that is used in the design office. Present levels of quality control and present specifications are reflected in the variables used. Resistance factors for concrete and non-prestressed reinforcement are calibrated for use with the companion-action load factors developed in this study. The resistance factor for concrete is increased, leading to a general improvement in economy. Adequate and more uniform safety is achieved through revised load combinations and factors.
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