Abstract
ObjectiveTo determine whether surgical removal of urachal anomalies improves the outcomes of dogs with recurrent lower urinary tract disease (LUTD) and bacterial urinary tract infection (BUTI).Study designRetrospective study.AnimalsThirty‐three dogs with urachal anomalies and recurrent LUTD or BUTI.MethodsMedical records of dogs with LUTD or BUTI and a diagnosis of urachal anomaly treated by partial cystectomy were reviewed. A minimum follow‐up of 9 months was required for inclusion.ResultsMedian age at onset of clinical signs was 12 months (range, 1 month to 10 years). Urachal anomalies were detected with histopathology in 20 of 28 (71%) dogs. At a median follow‐up of 22 months (range, 9‐114), 21 of 28 (64%) dogs were free of signs of LUTD. Nine (27%) dogs exhibited reduced signs of LUTD; in three (9%) dogs, no clinical improvement was observed. Among the 25 dogs with confirmed preoperative BUTI, 22 clinically improved with surgery.ConclusionPartial cystectomy reduced the long‐term severity of clinical signs and risk of recurrence of LUTD or BUTI in dogs with confirmed or suspected urachal anomalies.Clinical significancePartial cystectomy should be considered as an adjunct to the treatment of LUTD and BUTI in dogs.
Highlights
Lower urinary tract disease (LUTD) in dogs is predominantly caused by bacterial urinary tract infection (BUTI), and the most common pathogen isolated in BUTI is Escherichia coli.[1]
The results of this retrospective study provide evidence that partial cystectomy in dogs with a urachal anomaly reduces the frequency or severity of clinical signs associated with LUTD and BUTI
Two-thirds of dogs had no clinical recurrence of LUTD after a median follow-up period of 22 months; 91% of dogs exhibited clinical improvement after partial cystectomy
Summary
Lower urinary tract disease (LUTD) in dogs is predominantly caused by bacterial urinary tract infection (BUTI), and the most common pathogen isolated in BUTI is Escherichia coli.[1]. Nine dogs with signs of LUTD had vesicourachal diverticula that were surgically resected and showed clinical signs of hematuria and/or pollakiuria for 2 to 48 months prior to surgery in a 1979 study conducted by Wilson et al.[23] only two dogs had a follow-up longer than 2 months in that study, one had clinical recurrence 10 months after surgery, and the other had a positive culture result 18 months after surgery It is unclear whether removal of urachal anomalies is required or beneficial in dogs with LUTD and/or BUTI to prevent recurrence. We hypothesized that surgical resection reduces clinical signs and prevents recurrence of LUTD in dogs with urachal anomalies
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