Abstract
Bone is a dynamic tissue that undergoes bone remodeling throughout life with the types of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Bone microenvironments facilitate the colonization and growth of solid tumor. The incidence of bone metastasis from solid tumor is high. Bone metastasis can lead to osteoblastic and/or osteoclastic focuses. Breast cancer is characterized by osteoclastic focuses, while osteoblastic focuses are mainly seen in prostate cancer. The bone physiology of bone metastasis lay center on over osteoclasts and/or osteoblasts. Osteoclastic and osteoblastic mechanisms are varies from each other, Osteoclastic and osteoblastic factors break the normal cycle of bone remodeling in nature. RANK-RANKL-OPG system, parathyroid hormone related protein(PTHrP), and transforming growth factor β are involving in osteoclasts; Wnt, endothelin1, PTHrP, and bone morphogenetic proteins participate in osteoblasts. This review focuses on the mechanisms of osteoclasts and osteoblasts on the basement of understanding the normal bone physiology and cycle of bone remodeling. The exploration of osteoblastic and osteoclastic mechanisms related to bone metastasis can provide opportunities for researcher to prevent and treat tumor metastasis to bone. Key words: Skeleton; Bone neoplasms; Neoplasm metastasis; Osteoclasts; Osteoblasts
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