Abstract
Enhancing the limit of detection (LOD) is significant for crucial diseases. Cancer development could take more than 10 years, from one mutant cell to a visible tumor. Early diagnosis facilitates more effective treatment and leads to higher survival rate for cancer patients. Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is a simple and efficient isothermal enzymatic process that utilizes nuclease to generate long single stranded DNA (ssDNA) or RNA. The functional nucleic acid unit (aptamer, DNAzyme) could be replicated hundreds of times in a short period, and a lower LOD could be achieved if those units are combined with an enzymatic reaction, Surface Plasmon Resonance, electrochemical, or fluorescence detection, and other different kinds of biosensor. Multifarious RCA-based platforms have been developed to detect a variety of targets including DNA, RNA, SNP, proteins, pathogens, cytokines, micromolecules, and diseased cells. In this review, improvements in using the RCA technique for medical biosensors and biomedical applications were summarized and future trends in related research fields described.
Highlights
Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is a commonly used research tool in molecular biology, materials science, and medicine [1,2,3]
RCA is an isothermal enzymatic process that uses DNA or RNA polymerases (e.g., Φ29 DNA polymerase) to produce single stranded DNA or RNA molecules which are a connection in series of complementary units of a template
In RCA, nucleotides were added continuously to a primer annealed to a circular template by polymerase, which produces a long single stranded DNA (ssDNA) with hundreds to thousands of repeat units
Summary
Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is a commonly used research tool in molecular biology, materials science, and medicine [1,2,3]. Multifunctional materials with diverse properties can be made via hybridizing RCA products with complementary oligonucleotides tethered to functional moieties These include fluorescent dyes, electrochemical tags, biotin, antibodies, enzymes and nanoparticles [14,15,16,17], which can be used for sensitive detection, biorecognition, immunosensing and bioimaging. The isothermal nature of RCA provides new possibilities for targeted therapy compared to other methods, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which uses intricate and expensive apparatus (e.g., temperature gradient). Owing to these inherent excellent properties, multifarious, RCA-based platforms have been applied to test various types of targets, such as DNA, RNA, SNP, proteins, pathogens, cytokines, and tumor cells. Improvements in the use of the RCA technique for medical biosensors and biomedical applications will be summarized and future trends in related research fields will be examined
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
