Research progress and prospects of electrocatalytic seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production

Abstract. Co-hosted by Tsinghua University, ICOMOS China, Tsinghua Heritage Institute for Digitization, and Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, the CIPA2021 symposium (28th biennial symposium of the international scientific committee for documentation of cultural heritage) was held online successfully at Tsinghua University during August 28th to September 1st, 2021. This is the first time CIPA held a biennial symposium in mainland of China and in online format since its establishment in 1968. The theme of the symposium is “Great Learning & Digital Emotion”. During the 5-day online symposium, opening ceremony & keynote-speech session-1, education session, outstanding youth forum, 12 sub-theme forums, and keynote-speech session-2 & closing ceremony were organized, which included 130 more presentations and attracted more than 1,000 online participants from more than 30 countries on five continents to conduct academic exchanges and seminars.Among all the presentations, four of them are keynote speeches. These include: 1) “deep learning for cultural heritage” by Professor Christian Heipke (President of ISPRS), 2) “space technology in support of world heritage” by Professor Huadong Guo (Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences), 3) “digital culture heritage and territorial spatial planning — China's practice and perspective” by Professor Jun Chen (Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering), and 4) “documentation — foundation of any heritage policy” by Professor Teresa Patrício (President of ICOMOS). Besides these keynotes, all other 120 more presentations are selected from the publication papers of ISPRS Annals and Archives.The progress and prospects of research and practice of digital cultural heritage all over the world can be summarized as theory, technology, and method of CHIM that will be described as follows. Basically, CHIM refers of Cultural Heritage Information Modelling. However, based on CIPA2021 symposium and the paper publications, CHIM is not just Modelling and Model, but the current progress and future prospects of digital cultural heritage research and practice, such as “C” represents Collection, Collaboration, Coordination, and Conference; “H” represents High-Speed, High-Quality, High-Tech. and High-Education; “I” represents Integration, Interpret, International, and Intelligent; and “M” represents Multi-Classes, Methodology, Multidisciplinary, and Management. And all of the aspects are included into the following table (see Table 1) and it is clear that CHIM is not only a Model for documentation but also a platform for future intelligent conservation.

Abstract. Co-hosted by Tsinghua University, ICOMOS China, Tsinghua Heritage Institute for Digitization, and Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, the CIPA2021 symposium (28th biennial symposium of the international scientific committee for documentation of cultural heritage) was held online successfully at Tsinghua University during August 28th to September 1st, 2021. This is the first time CIPA held a biennial symposium in mainland of China and in online format since its establishment in 1968. The theme of the symposium is “Great Learning & Digital Emotion”. During the 5-day online symposium, opening ceremony & keynote-speech session-1, education session, outstanding youth forum, 12 sub-theme forums, and keynote-speech session-2 & closing ceremony were organized, which included 130 more presentations and attracted more than 1,000 online participants from more than 30 countries on five continents to conduct academic exchanges and seminars.Among all the presentations, four of them are keynote speeches. These include: 1) “deep learning for cultural heritage” by Professor Christian Heipke (President of ISPRS), 2) “space technology in support of world heritage” by Professor Huadong Guo (Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences), 3) “digital culture heritage and territorial spatial planning — China's practice and perspective” by Professor Jun Chen (Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering), and 4) “documentation — foundation of any heritage policy” by Professor Teresa Patrício (President of ICOMOS). Besides these keynotes, all other 120 more presentations are selected from the publication papers of ISPRS Annals and Archives.The progress and prospects of research and practice of digital cultural heritage all over the world can be summarized as theory, technology, and method of CHIM that will be described as follows. Basically, CHIM refers of Cultural Heritage Information Modelling. However, based on CIPA2021 symposium and the paper publications, CHIM is not just Modelling and Model, but the current progress and future prospects of digital cultural heritage research and practice, such as “C” represents Collection, Collaboration, Coordination, and Conference; “H” represents High-Speed, High-Quality, High-Tech. and High-Education; “I” represents Integration, Interpret, International, and Intelligent; and “M” represents Multi-Classes, Methodology, Multidisciplinary, and Management. And all of the aspects are included into the following table (see Table 1) and it is clear that CHIM is not only a Model for documentation but also a platform for future intelligent conservation.

CO2 is an environmentally friendly heat transfer fluid and has many advantages in thermal energy and power systems due to its peculiar thermal transport and physical properties. Supercritical CO2 (S-CO2) thermal energy conversion systems are promising for innovative technology in domestic and industrial applications including heat pump, air-conditioning, power generation, renewable energy systems, energy storage, thermal management, waste heat recovery and others. Both S-CO2 and transcritical CO2 thermodynamic cycles have been extensively investigated in order to improve the efficiencies of thermal and power systems and achieve net zero carbon emissions. This paper focuses on the progress and prospects for current research and technology development of S-CO2 thermal energy conversion systems and their applications including power generation, energy storage and waste heat recovery. First, the CO2 thermal transport and physical properties and benefits using CO2 as a heat transfer fluid in thermal energy and power systems are discussed. Then, classification of CO2 thermodynamic systems is presented. Next, S-CO2 for power generation, energy storage and waste heat recovery systems are presented. Finally, research needs of subcritical and supercritical CO2 heat transfer, fluid flow and heat exchangers for the development of various thermal energy and power systems are discussed.

It is crucial for robotic picking fruit to recognize fruit accurately in orchards, this paper reviews the applications and research results of target recognition in orchard fruit picking by using machine vision and emphasizes two methods of fruit recognition: the traditional digital image processing method and the target recognition method based on deep learning. Here, we outline the research achievements and progress of traditional digital image processing methods by the researchers aiming at different disturbance factors in orchards and summarize the shortcomings of traditional digital image processing methods. Then, we focus on the relevant contents of fruit target recognition methods based on deep learning, including the target recognition process, the preparation and classification of the dataset, and the research results of target recognition algorithms in classification, detection, segmentation, and compression acceleration of target recognition network models. Additionally, we summarize the shortcomings of current orchard fruit target recognition tasks from the perspectives of datasets, model applicability, universality of application scenarios, difficulty of recognition tasks, and stability of various algorithms, and look forward to the future development of orchard fruit target recognition.

The precision diagnosis and staging of esophageal cancer is the premise and basis for the construction of precision individualized optimal treatment scheme. The international TNM staging is widely used staging standard in the world. In order to improve the accuracy of TNM staging, it is still in constant exploration and improvement after irregular revises and updates. It is the development trend of TNM staging in the future to expect the staging methods and standards with higher specificity and accuracy. In this paper, the research status and progress of esophageal cancer staging in China were reviewed. Key words: Esophageal cancer; Staging methods; Indivdualized treatment

Research progress and research prospects for configuration method of flexible AC transmission system device

The study of everyday life has garnered significant research attention in various disciplines. However, in the field of design history, the exploration of everyday life remains in its early stages. There is a need for further organization and analysis, as there is currently no comprehensive exposition on the overall research progress in this field. To address this gap, this paper employs bibliometric and knowledge graph methods to summarize the research progress in the design history of everyday life. By analyzing high-frequency keywords, thematic trends, citation networks, co-occurrence knowledge graphs, and burst keywords, we provide an objective evaluation of the development of the research perspective on everyday life in design history. The findings reveal an overall increasing trend in research efforts in the design history of everyday life, with a focus on Europe and America. The research in this field has evolved from philosophical explorations to disciplines such as history and anthropology, with interconnections between different directions. Prior to 2000, the emphasis was on the philosophical essence and fundamental theories of everyday life. From 2001 to 2010, there was a surge in psychological research and discussions on female topics within the design history of everyday life. In recent years, there has been a further expansion in the proportion of research on everyday life in the design history field, with more diverse dimensions of study. However, it is important to note that the research in the design history of everyday life is currently in a stage of conceptual understanding, with limited theoretical achievements. This paper not only provides a comprehensive overview of the current research progress but also presents an outlook on the research prospects in the design history of everyday life. It serves as a valuable resource for scholars and practitioners interested in advancing the understanding of the design history of everyday life.

Homeobox gene is an important gene family of developmental regulatory in the body. It is highly conserved in the evolutionary process. It is widely found in nervous, digestive, respiratory, circulatory, blood and genitourinary system, involved in regulating the growth and development of individuals, cells′ proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and other processes. The present studies show that the abnormal expressions of homeobox genes are closely related to the occurrence, development and prognosis of human multiple malignancies. In this paper, the research progress and prospect of the relationship between homeobox genes′ family and development of digestive system tumors are reviewed. Key words: Digestive system; Neoplasms; Review; Homeobox genes

The co-evolutionary research of complex network propagation dynamics systems has gradually become a hot topic in domestic and international research in recent years. This article reviews the research progress of epidemic dynamics systems and public opinion dynamics systems, providing a theoretical basis and knowledge reserve for the co-evolutionary research of the “epidemic–opinion” system. Firstly, following the path of process complexity, this article points out the similarities in mathematical modeling between the two types of systems from a dynamic perspective, as well as the latest research progress. Based on this, the article fully considers the common complex network attributes of these two types of systems, and from the perspective of the increasing complexity of networks, it sorts out the relevant research progress of the “epidemic–opinion” system and the necessity of its co-evolutionary research. Finally, from the perspective of complex engineering systems, the article looks forward to the difficulties and problems that may be encountered in the co-evolutionary research process. From the two dimensions of process complexity and network complexity, the latest research progress is summarized, while key issues and potential difficulties in the next step of co-evolutionary research for the “epidemic–opinion” system are pointed out, providing a reference and inspiration for relevant researchers.

In recent years, silica-based polymer nanofluids (NFs) have attracted more and more attention because they can enhance temperature and salt tolerance. This study summarized the research progress and prospects of silica-based polymer NFs in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). First, the synthesis method and the effect on silica-based polymer NFs were studied. Research progress in rheology, wettability, viscoelasticity, interfacial tension, adsorption, porous media flow, and emulsion stability were reviewed, and the mechanism for EOR was expounded. Then, the mechanical properties of silica-based polymer NFs and the interaction between silica and polymer were discussed by molecular dynamics simulation. And the progress of research on macroscopic reservoir simulation was explored. Finally, the related auxiliary technologies were introduced, and future research directions were put forward. The results of this study will help researchers better understand the mechanism and research progress of silica-based polymer NFs in EOR.

The International Symposium ‘‘Auxins and Cytokinins in Plant Development 2005’’ (ACPD 2005), held in Prague, Czech Republic, July 7–12, 2005, was well timed to reflect the current enormous progress in research of the two classes of phytohormones. The symposium was a continuation of a long tradition of conferences devoted to plant growth substances organized by the Institute of Experimental Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. Five international symposia have already been held in the baroque chateau at Liblice near Prague, and the sixth and last one, ‘‘Auxins and Cytokinins in Plant Development 1999’’ was held in Prague itself. The ACPD 2005 meeting provided a platform for discussions on recent achievements and future directions in and prospects for research on the two hormones for controlling plant development. The meeting fulfilled expectations and highlighted the very recent advances in molecular biology, biochemistry, and physiology of both phytohormones, as well as some aspects of their applications in biotechnology. The scientific program consisted of two opening lectures and seven sessions, which always included both hormones: (1) Biosynthesis and metabolism, (2) Transport, (3) Signaling, (4) Pattern formation and development, (5) Auxin-cytokinin crosstalk and interaction with other hormones, (6) Responses to environment, and (7) Novel methods. The interplay of these processes during plant development is shown in Figure 1. The conference attracted 180 participants from 28 countries in Europe, North America, Asia, Africa, and Australia. Abstracts of oral and poster presentations were published in Biologia Plantarum 49 (Suppl.) 2005 (and are also available on the Web at http://acpd. cas.cz). A comparison between the proportion of contributions to the topics selected for the 1999 conference with that in 2005 revealed that most of the topics selected in 2005 received even attention by the participants, reflecting the attractive program of the meeting (Figure 2). Most noticeable was the increase in contributions in the transport session in 2005 compared to 1999. In the first plenary lecture which he dedicated to Prof. Milan Kutacek, Athanasios Theologis (Plant Gene Expression Center, Albany, NY, USA) focused on the native auxin, indole-3-acetic acid, as a ‘‘simple *Authors are listed alphabetically Received 17 October 2005; accepted 18 October 2005; Online publication 28 February 2006 *Corresponding author ; e-mail: eva.zazim@ueb.cas.cz J Plant Growth Regul (2006) 25:89–97 DOI: 10.1007/s00344-005-0120-0

We review progress in research in group processes and intergroup relations. After Steiner's initial optimism in the 1960s, groups lost favor in social psychology during the 1970s and 1980s. However, new optimism emerged from the growth of research into groups in related disciplines. In the mid to late-1990s enthusiasm has increased. We attribute this to increasing interest in social contextual factors in social psychology, and to advances in theory and methodology that have facilitated the analysis of group and intergroup phenomena. We report an empirical review based on searches of relevant and primary journals over a period of 23 years. This review shows that research in group and intergroup processes is being published at a disproportionately accelerating rate compared with the increase in social psychology as a whole.

This study aims to assess the global progress in research on the impact of forest therapy on mental health by using bibliometric analysis. We analyzed the relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database by utilizing software tools such as Bibliometrix (Version 4.1), VOSviewer (Version 1.6.19), and CiteSpace (Version 6.3.R1). There appears to be a growing trend in annual publication volumes from 2006 to 2023. Miyazaki was identified as the most prolific author in this field. Japan and South Korea lead in research contributions, while China has the highest number of publications. The International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is the journal with the most publications and citations in this area. Recent keyword clustering reveals an increasing frequency of studies on anxiety and urban green spaces. Research findings suggest that exposure to negative air ions and compounds released by plants can stimulate the five human senses, reduce cortisol levels, and improve mental health. Although studies have demonstrated significant effects of forest therapy in alleviating stress, anxiety, and depression, more large-scale and long-term studies are needed for further evidence. Additionally, it is crucial to explore the impact of different forest types, terrains, altitudes, climates, and air conditions on the effectiveness of forest therapy on mental health.

Hydrogen production from electrolysis of seawater is considered one of the most promising endeavors. However, the complexity of the seawater environment (corrosion‐prone, slow kinetics, and side reactions such as precipitation generation) leaves much room for progress in research on efficient and stable catalysts. In recent years, in order to improve the technology of hydrogen production from electrolytic seawater, scientists have focused on the preparation of catalysts and the design of electrolytes, which has resulted in important progress. In order to further understand the current research status and development prospects of seawater hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), this article summarizes the general design rules for electrocatalysts and electrolytes in seawater HER in recent years. For structure modulation, the effects of catalyst modulation strategies such as heterostructures, elemental doping, manufacturing defects, morphology engineering and others on performance enhancement are highlighted. Overall design guidelines are summarized for the electrolyte and directions for future in‐depth exploration are proposed with a view to the early realization of seawater hydrogen production on an industrial scale.

ABSTRACTSweet potato residue (SPR), a byproduct of sweet potato starch extraction, is abundant with starch, cellulose, and minerals and has high moisture content. SPR is frequently discarded as waste and is susceptible to mildew and contamination, not only polluting the environment but also losing its economic value. Developments in microbial fermentation technologies may produce novel approaches for utilizing SPR. Polysaccharides in SPR can be hydrolyzed into monosaccharides by enzymes, and the microbial fermentation of these monosaccharides produces high‐value products. This article discusses progress in research into the enzymatic pretreatment and fermentation of SPR for the production of protein feed, lactic acid, malic acid, ethanol, and other products. In conjunction with the current state of SPR utilization, associated problems were investigated, and research prospects were proposed.