Research on Innovative Shale Gas Exploitation and Utilization System Based on CO2 Integrated with Displacement, Power Generation and Refrigeration.

Comparative analysis of supercritical CO2–ORC combined cycle for gas turbine waste heat recovery based on multi-objective optimization

Waste heat recovery of a combined solid oxide fuel cell - gas turbine system for multi-generation purposes

Performance analysis of the combined supercritical CO2 recompression and regenerative cycle used in waste heat recovery of marine gas turbine

This paper innovatively presents an integrated nuclear-powered supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) system for aircraft carriers, replacing the conventional secondary-loop steam Rankine cycle with a regenerative S-CO2 power cycle. The system comprises two modules: a nuclear reactor module and a S-CO2 power module. Comprehensive thermodynamic, economic, and compactness analyses were conducted, using exergy efficiency, levelized energy cost (LEC), and heat transfer area per unit power output (APR) as objective functions for optimization. Parameter analysis revealed the influence of key operating parameters on system performance, and a multi-objective optimization approach based on genetic algorithms was employed to determine optimal system parameters. The results indicate that the system achieves an exergy efficiency of 45%, an APR of 0.168 m2 kW-1, and an LEC of 2.1 cents/(kW·h). This high compactness, combined with superior thermodynamic and economic performance, underscores the feasibility of the S-CO2 system for integration into nuclear-powered aircraft carriers, offering significant potential to enhance their overall performance and operational efficiency.

In this paper, exergy, exergoeconomic, and exergoenvironmental analysis of a gas turbine cycle and its optimization has been carried out by MOPSO algorithm. Three objective functions, namely, total cost rate, exergy efficiency of cycle, and CO2 emission rate have been considered. The design variables considered are: compressor pressure ratio, combustion chamber inlet temperature, gas turbine inlet temperature, compressor, and gas turbine isentropic efficiency. The impact of change in gas turbine inlet temperature and compressor pressure ratio on CO2 emission rate as well as impact of changes in gas turbine inlet temperature on exergy efficiency of the cycle has been investigated in different compressor pressure ratios. The results showed that with increase in compressor pressure ratio and gas turbine inlet temperature, CO2 emission rate decreases, that is this reduction is carried out with a steeper slope at lower pressure compressor ratio and gas turbine inlet temperature. The results showed that exergy efficiency of the cycle increases with increase in gas turbine inlet temperature and compressor pressure ratio. The sensitivity analysis of fuel cost changes was performed on objective functions. The results showed that at higher exergy efficiencies total cost rate is greater, and sensitivity of fuel cost optimum solutions is greater than Pareto curve with lower total cost rate. Also, the results showed that sensitivity of changes in fuel cost rate per unit of energy on total cost rate is greater than the rate of CO2 emission.

To efficiently recover waste heat from gas turbines, a hybrid recompression supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2)–organic Rankine cycle (ORC) regenerative combined system is proposed. The ORC employs a mixed working fluid to enhance thermodynamic matching. Thermodynamic, compactness, and economic models are established to analyze the influence of key operating parameters on system performance. Based on parametric analysis, decision variables are identified and used for single-objective and multi-objective optimizations of system performance metrics. Results show that increasing the split ratio in the recompression cycle improves thermodynamic performance but simultaneously increases both heat transfer area per unit output power (APR) and the levelized electricity cost (LEC). In the ORC, the temperature glide during evaporation and condensation of the mixed working fluid enables better thermal match with the heat source and sink, thereby reducing the required heat transfer area and associated cost rate. Under multi-objective optimization targeting APR and LEC, the optimal decision variables are determined as 560 °C, 4.2, 0.71, 44 °C, and 0.71, respectively.

Techno-economic optimization of a biomass gasification energy system with Supercritical CO2 cycle for hydrogen fuel and electricity production

This Special Issue describes the main outcomes from the SHEER (SHale gas Exploration and Exploitation induced Risks) project, a 3 year EC Horizon 2020 funded investigation into environmental risk associated with shale oil and gas development within the European Union. A key feature of the programme of work has been the independent monitoring of a shale gas well at Wysin, Poland, through a network of seismic, groundwater and air quality measurement arrays and shallow borehole sensors both in advance of and subsequent to hydraulic fracturing operations. In conjunction with the environmental monitoring programme, a multi-hazard risk assessment technique has been applied to shale gas operations to identify and assess the likelihood of occurrence of incidents and their potential impacts on the surrounding environment. Given the limited development of shale oil and gas in Europe experience out-with the European Union, particularly in the USA and Canada, has been integrated into the project. A further element of the research has been the dissemination of results through academic publications, a large number of presentations to conferences and at SHEER events in Italy, Poland and the UK. This introductory paper provides a brief synopsis of the research and development that has been carried out, with a primary focus on the best practice recommendations, policy guidelines and key learning that have been developed during the course of the project. Policy guidelines include issues of relevance to regulators and government in providing effective regulatory oversight of shale gas operations within the European Union. Recommendations for best practice are primarily related to the monitoring and evaluation of environmental risk in the development of shale gas within the European Union.

Exploration, development, and construction in the Fuling national shale gas demonstration area in Chongqing: Progress and prospects

Suggestions on the development strategy of shale gas in China

Comparison between regenerative organic Rankine cycle (RORC) and basic organic Rankine cycle (BORC) based on thermoeconomic multi-objective optimization considering exergy efficiency and levelized energy cost (LEC)

Background: The United States has experienced a boom in natural gas production due to recent technological innovations that have enabled this resource to be produced from shale formations.Objectives: We reviewed the body of evidence related to exposure pathways in order to evaluate the potential environmental public health impacts of shale gas development. We highlight what is currently known and identify data gaps and research limitations by addressing matters of toxicity, exposure pathways, air quality, and water quality.Discussion: There is evidence of potential environmental public health risks associated with shale gas development. Several studies suggest that shale gas development contributes to ambient air concentrations of pollutants known to be associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Similarly, an increasing body of studies suggest that water contamination risks exist through a variety of environmental pathways, most notably during wastewater transport and disposal, and via poor zonal isolation of gases and fluids due to structural integrity impairment of cement in gas wells.Conclusion: Despite a growing body of evidence, data gaps persist. Most important, there is a need for more epidemiological studies to assess associations between risk factors, such as air and water pollution, and health outcomes among populations living in close proximity to shale gas operations.Citation: Shonkoff SB, Hays J, Finkel ML. 2014. Environmental public health dimensions of shale and tight gas development. Environ Health Perspect 122:787–795; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307866

Thermodynamic analyses of a biomass integrated fired combined cycle

China’s shale gas development has had a good start. It is necessary that the developers take advantage of the opportunity to make further efforts to promote shale gas development in China, in particular by rolling out a comprehensive plan on a national level. The author makes a proposal to establish a special shale gas test area in and adjacent to the Sichuan Basin as the most important way to promote the rapid development of shale gas in China. For this purpose, the author analyzes the current situation and problems of shale gas development in China, addresses the necessity and feasibility of establishing a special test area for shale gas development, and draws up the scope of this shale gas special test area of about 450 thousand square kilometers, covering Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, and part of Yunnan, Hunan, Hubei provinces, and proposes the establishment of a shale gas test area in China. This consists of an overall plan, targets, and contents in 10 aspects, along with organization and implementation modes. The shale gas exploration and development in the shale gas zones is promoted vigorously by introducing special policies and innovating exploration, development and utilization model. While at the same time, the shale gas zones of continental facies in the Ordos Basin and marineterrigenous facies in South Hubei Basin will be established. The experiences of the reform in the shale gas zones will be the good practice for the reform of petroleum organization system.

Comparative investigation on techno-economics of cascade supercritical CO2 combined cycles for waste heat recovery of typical gas turbines