Abstract
The AMPS paradox challenges black hole complementarity by apparently constructing a way for an observer to bring information from the outside of the black hole into its interior if there is no drama at its horizon, making manifest a violation of monogamy of entanglement. We propose a new resolution to the paradox: this violation cannot be explicitly checked by an infalling observer in the finite proper time they have to live after crossing the horizon. Our resolution depends on a weak relaxation of the no-drama condition (we call it "little drama") which is the "complementarity dual" of scrambling of information on the stretched horizon. When translated to the description of the black hole interior, this implies that the fine-grained quantum information of infalling matter is rapidly diffused across the entire interior while classical observables and coarse-grained geometry remain unaffected. Under the assumption that information has diffused throughout the interior, we consider the difficulty of the information-theoretic task that an observer must perform after crossing the event horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole in order to verify a violation of monogamy of entanglement. We find that the time required to complete a necessary subroutine of this task, namely the decoding of Bell pairs from the interior and the late radiation, takes longer than the maximum amount of time that an observer can spend inside the black hole before hitting the singularity. Therefore, an infalling observer cannot observe monogamy violation before encountering the singularity.
Highlights
IntroductionAMPS pointed out an apparent violation of monogamy of entanglement among three systems: the black hole interior, the recently emitted Hawking radiation (late radiation), and the previously emitted Hawking radiation (early radiation)
AMPS pointed out an apparent violation of monogamy of entanglement1 among three systems: the black hole interior, the recently emitted Hawking radiation, and the previously emitted Hawking radiation
Under the assumption that information has diffused throughout the interior, we consider the difficulty of the information-theoretic task that an observer must perform after crossing the event horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole in order to verify a violation of monogamy of entanglement
Summary
AMPS pointed out an apparent violation of monogamy of entanglement among three systems: the black hole interior, the recently emitted Hawking radiation (late radiation), and the previously emitted Hawking radiation (early radiation). We study whether ideas from information theory and computer science can help resolve the information paradox, but in another setting: whereas Harlow and Hayden focus on the computational complexity of the AMPS experiment outside the black hole, we examine the information processing that must be performed inside the black hole in order to check for violations of monogamy of entanglement This is a potentially different line of argument, because while it might be possible to evade computational limits outside of the horizon [3, 17], one certainly cannot extend one’s time inside the horizon, as an infalling observer invariably hits the singularity in a bounded amount of time
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