Abstract
Automated trucks for long-distance journeys seem within reach. With such automation, no human driver could be available. However, the last mile of the delivery is likely to involve humans. Therefore, either a human driver should still be present, or construction site workers must interact with the automated truck. While automated trucks capable of dealing with various construction sites could be feasible, the development could be costly and time-consuming. To define cooperative solutions for automated deliveries incorporating interaction between automated trucks and humans, a workshop with truck drivers (N= 7) was conducted. Based on this workshop, a model of the delivery process, including communication needs, is proposed. Requirements addressing the issues for highly automated delivery are derived from this process.
Highlights
Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to have a significant impact on the trucking industry (Fagnant and Kockelman, 2015)
We conducted a workshop with truck drivers to gain additional knowledge on the communication needs for construction site deliveries
We report the practices and challenges of human construction site deliveries (CSDs) and put these in the context of technical and human-computer interaction (HCI) solutions
Summary
Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to have a significant impact on the trucking industry (Fagnant and Kockelman, 2015). Lower cost of delivery (Fagnant and Kockelman, 2015; Mersky and Samaras, 2016) via increased fuel economy and less need for truck drivers will probably lead to quick establishment of AVs. While (un-)loading will probably still need a human involved, long-distance journeys seem feasible (Fagnant and Kockelman, 2015). Human drivers will become ever more absent. One major problem could be the last few meters toward an unloading spot on construction sites. Truck drivers, pedestrians, or construction site workers (CSWs) have to interact with each other. As the human truck driver could be missing in the future, the highly automated truck (HAT) will have to substitute at least some of this communication. This includes communication of intent and receiving input from CSWs, bidirectional communication. While the Scania AXL (Scania, 2019) is equipped with a LED strip indicating awareness of objects around it; other forms of external communication are unexplored in this context
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
