Reproductive Biology of the Del Norte Salamander (Plethodon elongatus)

Abstract

We examined seasonal reproductive patterns of the Del Norte Salamander, Plethodon elongatus, in mixed conifer and hardwood forests of northwestern California and southwestern Oregon. Seasonal size differences in reproductive structures suggested that maximum spermatogenic activity occurred during the late summer, with spermatozoa transfer to the vasa deferentia occurring in the fall through spring. Maximum development of mature follicles occurred during the winter; however, follicular growth occurred year-round and was asynchronous among individuals. Courtship and mating probably occurred in late fall through early spring, with egg deposition from spring into early summer. Reproduction for females was not annual, and patterns suggested that the reproductive cycle was biennial or less frequent. In contrast, evidence indicated annual reproduction in males. Gravid females contained an average of 10 mature follicles.