Reporting marine mammal strandings in Uruguay: a characterization of people's perceptions, interests and motivations

People’s sentiments and perceptions of greenhouse gas emission and renewable energy are important information to understand their reaction to the planned mitigation policy. Therefore, this research analyzes people’s perceptions of greenhouse gas emissions and their preferences for renewable energy resources using a sample of Twitter data. We first identify themes of discussion using semantic text similarity and network analysis. Next, we measure people’s interest in renewable energy resources based on the mentioned rate in Twitter and search interest in Google trends. Then, we measure people’s sentiment toward these resources and compare the interest with sentiments to identify opportunities for policy improvement. The results indicate a minor influence of governmental assemblies on Twitter discourses compared to a very high influence of two renewable energy providers amounts to more than 40% of the tweeting activities related to renewable energy. The search interest analysis shows a slight shift in people’s interest in favor of renewable energy. The interest in geothermal energy is decreasing while interest in biomass energy is increasing. The sentiment analysis shows that biomass energy has the highest positive sentiments while solar and wind energy have higher interest. Solar and wind energy are found to be the two most promising sources for the future energy transition. Our study implies that governments should practice a higher influence on promoting awareness of the environment and converging between people’s interests and feasible energy solutions. We also advocate Twitter as a source for collecting real-time data about social preferences for environmental policy input.

Reiki is a philosophy and healing technique that directs the use of vital energy (ki) for energy rebalance, as well as healing, in a holistic sense, of physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual processes. The practice is part of the integrative and complementary practices recognized by the World Health Organization. This study aimed to evaluate the Reiki effects on people's life quality perception, by using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). We analyzed the answers of 144 individuals, and the data were categorized in quartiles according to the number of Reiki sessions attended. The results of each question and dimension of the questionnaire were analyzed by Student's t test (individual questions) and analysis of variance (dimensions). We observed significant improvement in the perception of physical pain, need for medical treatment, meaning of life, physical environment, availability of money, availability of information, locomotion, work capacity, access to health, place of residence, and transportation facilities. Reiki sessions have improved people's quality of life perception in many aspects, proving its therapeutic efficacy in a broader approach to health promotion.

This research aims to analyze the potential and preferences of the people of Sengeti Village towards Islamic banks. Potential is projected by demographics and the economy, while preferences are projected by people's perceptions, motivations, knowledge, and attitudes. The subject of this study is the community in Sengeti Village, while the object is the potential and preferences of the community. The population was all adults, and the authors took samples from populations aged 22 to 65 and obtained informants as many as 100 people. This study showed that potential and demographic variables corresponded to people's interest in using Islamic banks. In contrast, the preference variables demonstrated from the data showed that the community positively supported the existence of Islamic banks in Sengeti Village.

A common way to promote cooperative and collectively beneficial behavior in organizations is to sanction self-interested and collectively harmful behavior. Social science researchers recently focus more and more on the negative effects of sanctions. In particular, it is argued that sanctioning noncooperative behavior can undermine people's personal motives to behave cooperatively. In this chapter we argue that, in the decision to behave cooperatively, or in one's own self-interest, perceptions of other people's motives play an important role. In this chapter we discuss research on sanctioning systems in social dilemmas which shows that sanctioning noncooperative behavior undermines trust in others being motivated to cooperate. In a series of studies we show that the undermining of trust may lead to a general increase of noncooperation. Moreover, the newly developed "social trilemma" paradigm demonstrated that it may induce people to show self-interested behaviors they had not considered before. These negative effects of a sanctioning system are moderated by the trust people initially may have in their fellow group members' cooperative intentions, in the sanctioning authority and by the way people regard authorities in general. Implications of these results for organizations are discussed.

The effect of information about false negative and false positive rates on people's attitudes towards colorectal cancer screening using faecal occult blood testing (FOBt)

Canadian patients and families affected by rare genetic lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) suffer from numerous challenges related to disease management, including issues navigating healthcare and social support services, access to orphan drugs, and intensive treatment regimens. These challenges significantly impact people's quality of life, yet they remain obscure and have not been the subject of comprehensive analysis. Thus, we conducted qualitative interviews with Canadian patients and caregivers living with LSDs to advance current understanding of their experiences with rare‐disease (RD) management and health systems navigation to support patient‐focused RD policies and programs and improve the health outcomes of the 2.8 million Canadians affected by RDs. This study employed a qualitative descriptive research design with inductive thematic analysis. The study data were collected using semi‐structured interviews. Thirty Canadian participants were interviewed in person or remotely via video chat to allow for an interactive discussion and the acquisition of rich data related to the insights and perceptions of people with LSDs. Between April and November 2019, 30 participants (16 patients and 14 caregivers) with experiences with nine types of LSDs and living in seven Canadian provinces were interviewed. Five themes were identified using comprehensive thematic analysis. These themes were the complexity of the diagnosis process; navigation of healthcare systems; psychological, social, and financial implications of LSDs; access to social support services; and access to orphan drugs. Our findings reveal that patients' access to appropriate healthcare and social services is subject to significant delays and lacks care coordination. The process of accessing orphan drugs in Canada is extremely complex and convoluted. The study results also illuminate experiences of RD stigma when navigating healthcare and social support systems. Our study offers new insights into the complex nature and extensive needs of Canadians with LSDs that are currently unmet. The management of these complex diseases requires holistic patient care and support beyond having access to orphan drugs. Our findings highlight the importance of bridging existing gaps between health and social care for RD patients. Policymakers should utilize these results when developing the forthcoming national RD strategy.

The search for factors which influence seriously ill people's quality of life continues to generate both interest and research. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 87 patients with lung cancer who ranged between the ages of 38 and 82 years. The purposes of this investigation were to determine whether relationships existed between patients' preferences for illness-related information, their satisfaction with family functioning, their level of learned resourcefulness and their reported quality of life. This paper focuses on the results of a stepwise multiple regression analysis which identified seven factors, namely, prognosis, surgery, current radiotherapy, performance status, self-control skills (learned resourcefulness), preference for information and age-group, which accounted for 30% of explained variance in patients' reported quality of life. No single factor contributed a substantial amount of the variance in this sample's reported quality of life. This observation suggests differences in people's perceptions of these factors and their importance to them. These results support a conclusion that people's evaluation of their quality of life is subjective, changeable and depends on the circumstances they face. Congruence between the assumptions underlying Neuman's health care system model, and the personal and contextual nature of these seven factors in patients' quality of life are explored. These findings are relevant for practice.

Aesthetic education plays an important role in people's education and training. Guided by the Marxist aesthetic education view, studying the construction of aesthetic education in the new era is not only an important condition for shaping a good personality and an inevitable requirement for guiding people's better life in the new era, but also a theoretical basis for guiding the cultivation of innovative talents in the new era, and a real need for dealing with the misunderstanding of aesthetic education in the new era. As an important part of socialist cultural construction, aesthetic education can cultivate people's perception, acceptance and creativity of beauty, shape individual's lofty ideals and sentiments by purifying the soul and casting the soul, transform the objective world and beautify the subjective world according to the law of beauty, establish a beautiful world outlook, outlook on life and values, and promote people's quality promotion and all-round development. From the perspective of aesthetic education, we media's characteristics enable it to become a platform for teachers' teaching and students' learning at the same time. With the new changes shown by the relationship between the media and the audience, we media can become an effective carrier to enhance college students' aesthetic education, providing us with a good opportunity to enhance college students' aesthetic education effectively.

The interaction between all the functional elements of urban development within community centres, residential groups, neighbourhoods or districts is complex and multifaceted. Physical, technical, architectural and spatial characteristics are the basis for evaluating planning systems, but the main thing is the human assessment of the level of comfort. This includes people's perception of the living environment, availability of vital resources, waste disposal, ease of use, and management of the functional use of the territory. In this system of human values that relate to the human environment, two groups of factors can be distinguished that can be components of happiness: the first group combines purely individual family needs and relates to the living environment (apartment, house, adjacent territory), and the second group includes urban spaces, a small part of the city. The components of happiness have been studied by scientists and organisations from various fields, including psychology, sociology, economics, urban studies and neuroscience. The idea of measuring happiness as an indicator of well-being arose from the realisation that economic indicators, such as gross domestic product (GDP), do not provide a complete picture of people's quality of life and well-being. The purpose of the article is to study the issue of creating a comfortable urban environment, first of all, to consider the issue of forming a happy personality in the urban space. The article raises the question of the level of comfort that should be present in the urban environment for a person to have a certain ‘level of happiness’. The article identifies the main factors that influence the ‘level of happiness’ of city residents, namely comfort, safety, environmental hygiene, functionality, and psychological compatibility. The main urban planning aspects that determine the ‘level of happiness’ are also highlighted, namely: accessibility of public spaces, inclusiveness of the environment, environmental sustainability, mobility and transport. In general, a comfortable urban environment can bring city residents closer to happiness, positively affect their well-being, comfort and satisfaction.

In this study, we aim to determine people's motives for watching Court TV and whether this is related to their perceptions of crime. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 305 adults (18 plus) in the vicinities of Boston and New York. Inspired by Greenberg's and Rubin's television viewing motives scales, we developed a Court TV viewing motives scale. Using principal components analysis, five Court TV viewing motives were identified: voyeurism, boredom-avoidance, entertainment, relaxation and information. Our results showed that the entertainment motive is the most prominent viewing motive of Court TV, followed by the boredom-avoidance and voyeurism motives. As anticipated, respondents who more often watched Court TV tended to have more negative perceptions of crime in society. However, people who watched Court TV for its informative value in particular showed more negative perceptions of crime. The results are discussed in the light of cultivation theory and uses-and-gratifications theory.

ContextIt is essential for policy-making and planning that we understand landscapes not only in terms of landscape ecological patterns, but also in terms of their contribution to people's quality of life.ObjectivesIn this study our objective is to test relationships between landscape ecology and social science indicators, by investigating how landscape patterns are linked to people’s perception of landscape quality.MethodsTo assess public views on landscapes we conducted a survey among 858 respondents in Switzerland. We combined this survey data on perceived landscape quality and place attachment with landscape metrics (e.g. diversity, naturalness of land cover, urban sprawl, fragmentation) in a statistical model to test hypotheses about the relationships between the different variables of interest.ResultsOur results illustrate the contribution of both landscape composition metrics and social science indicators to understanding variation in people’s perception and assessment of landscape. For example, we found the landscape ecology metrics on urban sprawl and fragmentation to be a negative predictor of overall satisfaction with landscape, and that perceived landscape quality positively predicted place attachment and satisfaction with the municipality landscape.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance and feasibility of combining landscape ecology metrics and public survey data on how people perceive, value and relate to landscape in an integrated manner. Our approach has the potential for implementation across a variety of settings and can contribute to holistic and integrated landscape assessments that combine ecological and socio-cultural aspects.

Sharia Bank is a financial institution tasked with collecting funds and distributing funds as well as providing other services based on the principles of partnership, fairness, transparency and universality as well as conducting banking business activities based on sharia principles. The development of Islamic banks is currently quite fast, but lately Islamic bank customers have different perceptions of Islamic banking, where some people hear about news or issues circulating about the perception of public figures who say that Islamic banks still use the principle of usury. which is a benchmark for some people and raises its own doubts about saving in Islamic banks, this is caused by several factors. First, the lack of socialization carried out by Islamic banks. Second, the lack of understanding of public figures regarding the system and objectives of Islamic banking itself.
 The formulation of the problem in this research is how is the perception of community leaders in increasing people's interest in saving?
 This type of research is a field research (field research), and is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study state that the perception of public figures in increasing public interest in saving in Islamic banks is in the Good category. Good category, customers already understand what Islamic banking is like, customers already know Islamic banks and not a few customers who already understand Islamic banking, and the public confirms that there are issues circulating in the community where public figures still have the assumption that Islamic banks are no different from conventional banks, while the issue of usury on people's interest in saving Islamic banks is in the medium category, meaning that the issue of usury circulating among the public has quite an impact on people's perceptions, therapy does not have much impact on people's interest in saving.

Investment is something that is usually done by every individual, both in real assets and financial assets. Financial assets in the capital market, such as buying stocks or bonds, are something new for Indonesians to invest in compared to other countries that have developed very rapidly. The reason for the lack of public interest in investing in the capital market is due to the lack of knowledge about investment in this sector. This study aims to further examine sociodemographic factors as moderating variables that determine the interest of the people of Medan in investing in the capital market. The analysis technique of Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) is a data analysis technique used in this study. The results of this study were conducted at a level of 5% which states that partially knowledge and sociodemography have a positive effect, while perception has no effect. In addition, sociodemography moderates by weakening the relationship between knowledge and public interest in investing in the capital market, while sociodemography moderates by strengthening the relationship between perceptions of people's interest in investing in the capital market. Meanwhile, simultaneously each variable influences people's interest in investing in the capital market.

Participatory urban forestry in Nepal: Gaps and ways forward

To synthesize research evidence on perceptions and help-seeking behaviours in community-dwelling older people with urinary incontinence based on the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviours model. Urinary incontinence is highly prevalent in community-dwelling older people, yet only a small proportion seek help from health professionals. Untreated urinary incontinence has a detrimental impact on older people's quality of life and distresses their caregivers. Systematic integrative review. Ten databases were searched systematically between 9 November 2020 and 17 December 2020 including Medline (PubMed), CINAHL, Ageline, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Psyclnfo, CNKI, Wanfang and Vip. Quality appraisal was applied to assess the quality of selected articles. Data relevant to the review aim were extracted from included articles for analysis. Convergent qualitative synthesis was used to synthesize findings. Twenty articles were included and two main themes with six sub-themes were identified. Theme one described three common perceptions including urinary incontinence as a part of normal ageing, a stigma and a health problem. Each perception had a profound impact on older people's motivation to self-report the problem to health professionals. Theme two revealed three main help-seeking approaches comprising self-help, help from friends and help from health professionals. Of these, self-help was the dominant approach used to conceal urinary incontinence and contributed to social isolation. Improving urinary incontinence management in community-dwelling older people requires the development of their capability and motivation, and increased opportunities to access and gain help from skilled health professionals. Findings can facilitate resource development to improve health literacy for the general public pertinent to urinary incontinence and associated stigma. Moreover, findings can inform a user-friendly reporting and referral system for the problem. In addition, findings can inform education and skill training for health professionals, older people and their caregivers to effectively manage the problem.