Abstract
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n2p214 A body schema is a cortical representation of the spatial relations of body parts. It can be evaluated using the Image Marking Procedure (IMP). However, that instrument lacks information regarding its reliability and a standardized set of procedures. The aim of this study was to test the repeatability and intra-rater reproducibility of an adapted IMP. Methods: It consisted of two steps: (1) adaptation of the instrument; (2) verification of its reliability. Sixty-five young adult women were evaluated on two different days by a single rater, with a one-week interval between evaluations. Three consecutive measurements were performed on each day. Regarding repeatability, for all the variables (coordinates, distances and area), the ICC scores were classified as excellent, with low SEM (<4.5cm) and MDC (<8.5cm) values. Regarding intra-rater reproducibility, only the variables area and distance between the trochanters presented ICC> 0.6. The adapted IMP needs to be conducted only once. Regarding reproducibility, the variables apt for use are the area within the points and the distance between the trochanters. In contrast to the original IMP test, in this adapted version we do not recommend the use of the distances between the shoulders, the hip/waist or the top of the head in relation to the ground.
Highlights
The perceived dimensions of the body or body schema is a cortical representation of the spatial relations between parts of the body, which depends on multi-modal sensorial afferences and their connections with the motor system[1,2]
The Image Marking Procedure (IMP) is a test frequently used to evaluate the perceived dimension of the body, that is, the body schema[5]. It consists of a test in which blindfolded participants project the perceived location of body segments in relation to each other in response to tactile prompts on a sheet of paper fixed on the wall in front of them
Note: The standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimum detectable change (MDC) values for all the variables are in centimeters with the exception of the area, which are expressed in cm[2]
Summary
The perceived dimensions of the body or body schema is a cortical representation of the spatial relations between parts of the body, which depends on multi-modal sensorial afferences and their connections with the motor system[1,2]. The Image Marking Procedure (IMP) is a test frequently used to evaluate the perceived dimension of the body, that is, the body schema[5] It consists of a test in which blindfolded participants project the perceived location of body segments in relation to each other in response to tactile prompts (top of head, shoulders, waist, hip) on a sheet of paper fixed on the wall in front of them. It was developed in the 1970s to detect perceived distortions of body segments occasioned by eating disorders[6]. Its use has expanded to include the evaluation of healthy individuals and those with chronic pain, regardless of age[7,8] or sedentary and active lifestyle[8], as well as the collection of evidence regarding the effectiveness of exercises and therapies, mainly, associated to the body and mind, such as dance, yoga and pilates[9]
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