Renal sympathetic and heart rate baroreflex function in conscious and isoflurane anaesthetized normotensive and chronically hypertensive rabbits.

Abstract

1. Baroreflex control of heart rate (HR) has been studied in normotensive (NT) and hypertensive (HT) awake and anaesthetized animals and man, but baroreflex control of sympathetic nerve activity has not been well studied. We investigated baroreflex control of HR and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) over a wide range of arterial pressure (AP) in conscious and isoflurane (ISO) anaesthetized NT and HT rabbits. 2. Animals were instrumented to record AP, HR and RSNA. Hypertension was accomplished by renal encapsulation. AP-HR and AP-RSNA baroreflex function curves were obtained while awake and after 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% ISO. All baroreflex curves were fit to sigmoid or exponential functions. 3. In conscious rabbits, HT for 3-5 weeks, AP was significantly higher (75.6 +/- 0.8 vs 102.3 +/- 8.9 mmHg); HR significantly lower (218.0 +/- 5.5 vs 189.5 +/- 5.5 beats/min); and RSNA not different than NT rabbits (14.9 +/- 2.2 vs 9.9 +/- 3.2% max RSNA). 4. ISO shifted AP-HR and AP-RSNA baroreflex curves to the left in NT and HT animals, and significantly attenuated baroreflex range and slope. At low ISO concentrations, baroreflex compensation for decreases in AP is limited to small increases in HR and sympathetic nerve activity. At higher ISO concentrations, baroreflex responses to decreases in AP are lost. RSNA responses to increases in AP are preserved with increasing ISO concentrations while HR responses are progressively attenuated. The sole effect of chronic hypertension was to shift the AP-HR and AP-RSNA barocurves to the right along the pressure axis in both conscious and ISO anaesthetized animals with no additional change in range or slope. 5. At this stage of hypertension development, ISO anaesthesia affects baroreflex function equally in normotensive and hypertensive rabbits.