Abstract

Effective management of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis for the critically ill neonate requires a general understanding of renal development and changes that occur during the transition from the intrauterine to extrauterine environment. The maturation of kidney function and differences in regulation of body fluid tonicity and volume as well as acid-base balance and homeostasis of individual elements between preterm and term infants can have a substantial impact on therapies administered to neonates and the effects of such therapies.

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