Abstract
The utilization of biopolymer derived from Moringa oleifera bark using ZnCl2 and H2SO4 as activating agents for eliminating Methylene blue, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from producing wastewater. In this study, Methylene blue and both bacteria were effectively adsorbed by activated carbon with lowest dosage. The activated carbon was prepared from natural-by product of Moringa oleifera bark by pyrolysis in a furnace at 700°C for 1 h. The characteristics of activated carbon have been determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), pHzpc (zero point charge), and FTIR spectroscopy. The obtained result were closely fitted with Freundlich isotherm model and adsorption kinetics follow the pseudo-second order model with the highest value of correlation coefficient (R2~1). Adsorption quantity was dose dependent and bacteria were maximum adsorbed using 10 mg of activated carbon as well as 25mg for methylene blue. The maximum adsorption capacity showed within 1 hour. The bacterial load was reduced by 98% for E. coli, 96% for P. aeruginosa as well as methylene blue reduced 94.2% from aqueous solution using batch adsorption methods. Adsorption process controlled by film diffusion mechanism. These result proposed that the activated carbon of Moringa oleifera can be used as a good adsorbent for the removal of Methylene blue, E. coli and P. aeruginosa.
Highlights
Synthetic dye is used in many manufacturing industries for the colouring of products such as textile, paper, and paint [1]
Moringa oleifera bark was collected from outside of University Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) campus and bacteria was received from the microbiological lab of USIM
2) Adsorption process of Bacteria: This experiment was conducted to determine the activity for reduction of E. coli and P. aeruginosa bacteria
Summary
Synthetic dye is used in many manufacturing industries for the colouring of products such as textile, paper, and paint [1]. There are several common physical, biological and chemical methods for eliminating colouring matter from aqueous solution These include reverse osmosis, adsorption [5], assimilation [6,7,8], precipitation, coagulation and ion exchange ([9], [10]). There are some natural plants used as adsorbents for the removal of dye, heavy metal and bacteria from wastewater such. It is well known that activated carbon can be used to remove bacteria and bacteria toxin [26] It is used for developing the water quality used for consumption purposes. The active part of adsorbents can remove organic molecules like methylene blue from wastewater. The main aim of this study to produce activated carbon as adsorbent from Moringa oleifera bark to remove methylene blue, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa from wastewater
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