Abstract
Bloodstream infections due to Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are becoming more frequent and are associated with a high mortality. At present, combination antimicrobial therapy yields the best outcomes, but treatment options are limited. Many bacteria utilize heparan sulfate to bind to human cells. We studied the ability of a biomimetic device composed of polyethylene beads with endpoint-attached heparin to bind both sensitive and (CRE) E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from spiked blood samples. Greater than 90% of susceptible, E. coli, CRE E. coli and CRE Klebsiella were removed by the beads. Future studies in human bacteremia with this technology are planned.
Highlights
Enterobacteriaceae are Gram negative bacteria that are normal inhabitants of the intestinal microbiota
Data from the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) indicate that the percentage of (CRE) Enterobacteriaceae has increased from 1.2% in 2001 to 4.2% in 2011
Activity analysis by Anti-XA assay determined a heparin activity of 0.3 U/mg of beads
Summary
Enterobacteriaceae are Gram negative bacteria that are normal inhabitants of the intestinal microbiota. These organisms are responsible for catheter-related bacteremias, nosocomial pneumonias, and urinary tract infections. Members of this family that cause infection include E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Increasing antimicrobial resistance has been observed in Enterobacteriaceae. Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have been reported in 33 U.S states and 9 countries [1]. Data from the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) indicate that the percentage of (CRE) Enterobacteriaceae has increased from 1.2% in 2001 to 4.2% in 2011. Bacteremia occurs in approximately 10% of CRE infections with an associated mortality of 50% [2]
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